Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in neurological disease.
Journal
Nature reviews. Neurology
ISSN: 1759-4766
Titre abrégé: Nat Rev Neurol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101500072
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2019
02 2019
Historique:
pubmed:
19
12
2018
medline:
30
1
2020
entrez:
19
12
2018
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies (MOG-Abs) were first detected by immunoblot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay nearly 30 years ago, but their association with multiple sclerosis (MS) was not specific. Use of cell-based assays with native MOG as the substrate enabled identification of a group of MOG-Ab-positive patients with demyelinating phenotypes. Initially, MOG-Abs were reported in children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Further studies identified MOG-Abs in adults and children with ADEM, seizures, encephalitis, anti-aquaporin-4-antibody (AQP4-Ab)-seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and related syndromes (optic neuritis, myelitis and brainstem encephalitis), but rarely in MS. This shift in our understanding of the diagnostic assays has re-invigorated the examination of MOG-Abs and their role in autoimmune and demyelinating disorders of the CNS. The clinical phenotypes, disease courses and responses to treatment that are associated with MOG-Abs are currently being defined. MOG-Ab-associated disease is different to AQP4-Ab-positive NMOSD and MS. This Review provides an overview of the current knowledge of MOG, the metrics of MOG-Ab assays and the clinical associations identified. We collate the data on antibody pathogenicity and the mechanisms that are thought to underlie this. We also highlight differences between MOG-Ab-associated disease, NMOSD and MS, and describe our current understanding on how best to treat MOG-Ab-associated disease.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30559466
doi: 10.1038/s41582-018-0112-x
pii: 10.1038/s41582-018-0112-x
doi:
Substances chimiques
Autoantibodies
0
Biomarkers
0
Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
89-102Références
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