Context-Dependent Effect of Glucocorticoids on the Proliferation, Differentiation, and Apoptosis of Regulatory T Cells: A Review of the Empirical Evidence and Clinical Applications.
Treg cell number modulation
desensitizing treatment
glucocorticoids
human allergic diseases
human autoimmune diseases
peripherally derived Treg (pTreg) cells
regulatory T (Treg) cells
thymus-derived Treg cells (tTreg)
tolerogenic response
Journal
International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
Titre abrégé: Int J Mol Sci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101092791
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 Mar 2019
06 Mar 2019
Historique:
received:
21
01
2019
revised:
26
02
2019
accepted:
28
02
2019
entrez:
9
3
2019
pubmed:
9
3
2019
medline:
2
7
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used to treat several diseases because of their powerful anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects on immune cells and non-lymphoid tissues. The effects of GCs on T cells are the most relevant in this regard. In this review, we analyze how GCs modulate the survival, maturation, and differentiation of regulatory T (Treg) cell subsets into both murine models and humans. In this way, GCs change the Treg cell number with an impact on the mid-term and long-term efficacy of GC treatment. In vitro studies suggest that the GC-dependent expansion of Treg cells is relevant when they are activated. In agreement with this observation, the GC treatment of patients with established autoimmune, allergic, or (auto)inflammatory diseases causes an expansion of Treg cells. An exception to this appears to be the local GC treatment of psoriatic lesions. Moreover, the effects on Treg number in patients with multiple sclerosis are uncertain. The effects of GCs on Treg cell number in healthy/diseased subjects treated with or exposed to allergens/antigens appear to be context-dependent. Considering the relevance of this effect in the maturation of the immune system (tolerogenic response to antigens), the success of vaccination (including desensitization), and the tolerance to xenografts, the findings must be considered when planning GC treatment.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30845709
pii: ijms20051142
doi: 10.3390/ijms20051142
pmc: PMC6429178
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Glucocorticoids
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
ID : 2015ZT9MXY_001
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