Exploring the complex relationship between women's sanitation practices and household diarrhea in the slums of Nairobi: a cross-sectional study.
Developing countries
Diarrhea
Informal settlements
Kenya
Sanitation and hygiene
Slums
Water
Women
Journal
BMC infectious diseases
ISSN: 1471-2334
Titre abrégé: BMC Infect Dis
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968551
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 Mar 2019
11 Mar 2019
Historique:
received:
31
08
2018
accepted:
04
03
2019
entrez:
16
3
2019
pubmed:
16
3
2019
medline:
26
4
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Diarrheal disease kills over half a million people each year in sub-Saharan Africa; the majority are children under 5 years. About 58% of diarrhea cases are associated with poor water, sanitation, and hygiene-a critical issue for people living in informal settlements. In Kenya, 60% of Nairobi's population lives in informal settlements; yet, there is a paucity of research exploring the relationship between water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) conditions in these settlements and associated health outcomes. The study examines characteristics of women's WASH behaviors and environments as potential factors associated with household diarrhea in Mathare Valley Informal Settlement in Nairobi using cross-sectional survey data collected from 550 women. Approximately 17% of participants reported that at least one member of the household suffered from diarrhea in the previous 2 weeks-48% of the cases were children under five. Results from a logistic regression exploring factors associated with reports of household diarrhea suggest that women's sanitation management strategies are associated with recent household diarrhea. Women who use toilets for defecation during the day, but rely on bags, buckets, or open defecation (OD) for urination during the day and for urination and defecation at night have over five time the odds of recent household diarrhea than women who use a toilet for all their sanitation needs. The odds of diarrhea were also higher for participants who walk up to 2 min to reach their toilets/sites for defecation and those who rely on water from taps inside buildings and plots. Odds were 62% lower for participants with clean toilets. Findings suggest that health targets to reduce the prevalence of diarrheal diseases in informal settlements may not be met unless particular attention is paid to the needs of women living in these environments.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Diarrheal disease kills over half a million people each year in sub-Saharan Africa; the majority are children under 5 years. About 58% of diarrhea cases are associated with poor water, sanitation, and hygiene-a critical issue for people living in informal settlements. In Kenya, 60% of Nairobi's population lives in informal settlements; yet, there is a paucity of research exploring the relationship between water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) conditions in these settlements and associated health outcomes.
METHODS
METHODS
The study examines characteristics of women's WASH behaviors and environments as potential factors associated with household diarrhea in Mathare Valley Informal Settlement in Nairobi using cross-sectional survey data collected from 550 women.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Approximately 17% of participants reported that at least one member of the household suffered from diarrhea in the previous 2 weeks-48% of the cases were children under five. Results from a logistic regression exploring factors associated with reports of household diarrhea suggest that women's sanitation management strategies are associated with recent household diarrhea. Women who use toilets for defecation during the day, but rely on bags, buckets, or open defecation (OD) for urination during the day and for urination and defecation at night have over five time the odds of recent household diarrhea than women who use a toilet for all their sanitation needs. The odds of diarrhea were also higher for participants who walk up to 2 min to reach their toilets/sites for defecation and those who rely on water from taps inside buildings and plots. Odds were 62% lower for participants with clean toilets.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Findings suggest that health targets to reduce the prevalence of diarrheal diseases in informal settlements may not be met unless particular attention is paid to the needs of women living in these environments.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30871485
doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-3875-9
pii: 10.1186/s12879-019-3875-9
pmc: PMC6419495
doi:
Substances chimiques
Drinking Water
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
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