Phytoestrogenic Effects of Blackcurrant Anthocyanins Increased Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Expression in Human Endothelial Cells and Ovariectomized Rats.
anthocyanin
blackcurrant extract
endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)
phytoestrogen
vascular endothelial cells
Journal
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 1420-3049
Titre abrégé: Molecules
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 100964009
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
31 Mar 2019
31 Mar 2019
Historique:
received:
19
02
2019
revised:
19
03
2019
accepted:
22
03
2019
entrez:
3
4
2019
pubmed:
3
4
2019
medline:
20
7
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Phytoestrogens are plant-derived chemicals that are found in many foods and have estrogenic activity. We previously showed that blackcurrant extract (BCE) and anthocyanins have phytoestrogenic activity mediated via estrogen receptors (ERs), and anthocyanins may improve vascular function. BCE contains high levels of anthocyanins, but their health-promoting effects are unclear. This study examined the effects of BCE on the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in human endothelial cells as key regulators in cardiovascular disease. The results showed that eNOS mRNA levels were significantly upregulated in BCE- or anthocyanin-treated human vascular endothelial cells but decreased in cells treated with fulvestrant, an ER antagonist. These results corresponded with NO levels, suggesting that BCE and anthocyanin may regulate NO synthesis via eNOS expression. Thus, the phytoestrogenic effects exerted by BCE via ERs influenced eNOS mRNA expression and NO synthesis. In vivo, we investigated whether anthocyanin-rich BCE upregulated eNOS protein expression in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, a widely used animal model of menopause. Our results showed that anthocyanin-rich BCE significantly upregulated eNOS mRNA levels and NO synthesis through phytoestrogenic activity and therefore promoted blood vessel health in OVX rats as a postmenopausal model.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30935162
pii: molecules24071259
doi: 10.3390/molecules24071259
pmc: PMC6480453
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Anthocyanins
0
Phytoestrogens
0
Nitric Oxide
31C4KY9ESH
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
EC 1.14.13.39
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
ID : 16K00844
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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