The astrocyte biochemistry.
Astrocyte
Biochemistry
Fatty acids
Glucose
Glutamate
Journal
Seminars in cell & developmental biology
ISSN: 1096-3634
Titre abrégé: Semin Cell Dev Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9607332
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2019
11 2019
Historique:
received:
03
11
2018
revised:
19
03
2019
accepted:
01
04
2019
pubmed:
6
4
2019
medline:
26
6
2020
entrez:
6
4
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Astrocytes are a unique and dynamic subtype of glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Understanding their biochemical reactions and their influence in the surrounding cells is extremely important in the neuroscience field. They exert important influence in the neurotransmission, ionic homeostasis and also release neuroactive molecules termed gliotransmitters. Additionally, they metabolize, store and release metabolic substrates to meet high brain energy requirements. In this review, we highlight the main biochemical reactions regarding energy metabolism that take place in astrocytes. Special attention is given to synthesis, storage and catabolism of glucose, release of lactate, oxidation of fatty acids, production of ketone bodies, and metabolism of the main neurotransmitters, glutamate and GABA. The recent findings allow proposing these cells as key players controlling the energetic homeostasis in the CNS.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30951895
pii: S1084-9521(18)30071-5
doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.04.002
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Neurotransmitter Agents
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
142-150Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.