Brain Imaging of the Cortex in ADHD: A Coordinated Analysis of Large-Scale Clinical and Population-Based Samples.
Adolescent
Adult
Age Factors
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
/ diagnostic imaging
Case-Control Studies
Cerebral Cortex
/ diagnostic imaging
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Neuroimaging
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Sex Factors
Young Adult
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Cortical Surface Area
Cortical Thickness
Imaging
Meta-Analysis
Neuroanatomy
Journal
The American journal of psychiatry
ISSN: 1535-7228
Titre abrégé: Am J Psychiatry
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0370512
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 07 2019
01 07 2019
Historique:
pubmed:
25
4
2019
medline:
11
2
2020
entrez:
25
4
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Neuroimaging studies show structural alterations of various brain regions in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although nonreplications are frequent. The authors sought to identify cortical characteristics related to ADHD using large-scale studies. Cortical thickness and surface area (based on the Desikan-Killiany atlas) were compared between case subjects with ADHD (N=2,246) and control subjects (N=1,934) for children, adolescents, and adults separately in ENIGMA-ADHD, a consortium of 36 centers. To assess familial effects on cortical measures, case subjects, unaffected siblings, and control subjects in the NeuroIMAGE study (N=506) were compared. Associations of the attention scale from the Child Behavior Checklist with cortical measures were determined in a pediatric population sample (Generation-R, N=2,707). In the ENIGMA-ADHD sample, lower surface area values were found in children with ADHD, mainly in frontal, cingulate, and temporal regions; the largest significant effect was for total surface area (Cohen's d=-0.21). Fusiform gyrus and temporal pole cortical thickness was also lower in children with ADHD. Neither surface area nor thickness differences were found in the adolescent or adult groups. Familial effects were seen for surface area in several regions. In an overlapping set of regions, surface area, but not thickness, was associated with attention problems in the Generation-R sample. Subtle differences in cortical surface area are widespread in children but not adolescents and adults with ADHD, confirming involvement of the frontal cortex and highlighting regions deserving further attention. Notably, the alterations behave like endophenotypes in families and are linked to ADHD symptoms in the population, extending evidence that ADHD behaves as a continuous trait in the population. Future longitudinal studies should clarify individual lifespan trajectories that lead to nonsignificant findings in adolescent and adult groups despite the presence of an ADHD diagnosis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31014101
doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.18091033
pmc: PMC6879185
mid: NIHMS1531536
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
531-542Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : G0300189
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR002369
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH099064
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIBIB NIH HHS
ID : U54 EB020403
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCRR NIH HHS
ID : M01 RR000052
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K23 MH087770
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH115357
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K99 MH091238
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : T32 MH067763
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH086654
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : U01 MH099059
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH062873
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : HHSN271200800009C
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH085328
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : P30 HD024061
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH078160
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH081803
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R00 MH091238
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCRR NIH HHS
ID : P41 RR015241
Pays : United States
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R01 NS048527
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : R21 TR003103
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH083246
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH094639
Pays : United States
Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
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