Effects of a Paleolithic Diet on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
C-reactive protein
Paleolithic diet
Paleolithic nutrition
anthropometric indexes
blood pressure
lipid profile
meta-analysis
Journal
Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
ISSN: 2156-5376
Titre abrégé: Adv Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101540874
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 07 2019
01 07 2019
Historique:
received:
22
09
2018
revised:
28
11
2018
accepted:
09
01
2019
pubmed:
2
5
2019
medline:
21
5
2020
entrez:
2
5
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
There is some evidence supporting the beneficial effects of a Paleolithic Diet (PD) on cardiovascular disease risk factors. This diet advises consuming lean meat, fish, vegetables, fruits, and nuts and avoiding intake of grains, dairy products, processed foods, and added sugar and salt. This study was performed to assess the effects of a PD on cardiovascular disease risk factors including anthropometric indexes, lipid profile, blood pressure, and inflammatory markers using data from randomized controlled trials. A comprehensive search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases up to August, 2018. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to estimate the pooled effect size. Meta-analysis of 8 eligible studies revealed that a PD significantly reduced body weight [weighted mean difference (WMD) = -2.17 kg; 95% CI: -3.48, -0.87 kg], waist circumference (WMD = -2.90 cm; 95% CI: -4.51, -1.28 cm), body mass index (in kg/m2) (WMD = -1.15; 95% CI: -1.68, -0.62), body fat percentage (WMD = -1.38%; 95% CI: -2.08%, -0.67%), systolic (WMD = -4.24 mm Hg; 95% CI: -7.11, -1.38 mm Hg) and diastolic (WMD = -2.95 mm Hg; 95% CI: -4.72, -1.18 mm Hg) blood pressure, and circulating concentrations of total cholesterol (WMD = -0.22 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.42, -0.03 mg/dL), TGs (WMD = -0.23 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.46, -0.01 mg/dL), LDL cholesterol (WMD = -0.13 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.25, -0.01 mg/dL), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD = -0.41 mg/L; 95% CI: -0.81, -0.008 mg/L) and also significantly increased HDL cholesterol (WMD = 0.05 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.005, 0.10 mg/dL). However, sensitivity analysis revealed that the overall effects of a PD on lipid profile, blood pressure, and circulating CRP concentrations were significantly influenced by removing some studies, hence the results must be interpreted with caution. Although the present meta-analysis revealed that a PD has favorable effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors, the evidence is not conclusive and more well-designed trials are still needed.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31041449
pii: S2161-8313(22)00406-9
doi: 10.1093/advances/nmz007
pmc: PMC6628854
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers
0
Lipids
0
C-Reactive Protein
9007-41-4
Types de publication
Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
634-646Commentaires et corrections
Type : ExpressionOfConcernIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : ErratumIn
Informations de copyright
Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019.
Références
Mayo Clin Proc. 2016 Apr;91(4):496-508
pubmed: 26948054
J Nutr. 2006 Oct;136(10):2588-93
pubmed: 16988131
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002 Mar;56 Suppl 1:S42-52
pubmed: 11965522
Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis. 2017 Jan 04;7:1-18
pubmed: 30050374
J Transl Med. 2011 Dec 08;9:211
pubmed: 22152132
Diabetes Care. 1998 Apr;21(4):563-9
pubmed: 9571343
Am J Med. 1988 Apr;84(4):739-49
pubmed: 3135745
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2002 Feb;13(1):3-9
pubmed: 11790957
ARYA Atheroscler. 2017 Mar;13(2):56-65
pubmed: 29026411
Nutr Clin Pract. 2010 Dec;25(6):594-602
pubmed: 21139123
Eur J Nutr. 2018 Dec;57(8):2877-2886
pubmed: 29075849
Physiol Rev. 2005 Apr;85(2):679-715
pubmed: 15788708
Circulation. 2002 Jul 23;106(4):523-7
pubmed: 12135957
J Am Coll Nutr. 2017 Mar-Apr;36(3):150-168
pubmed: 28394724
Int J Cardiol. 2016 Aug 1;216:92-6
pubmed: 27149238
J Med Food. 2009 Oct;12(5):925-34
pubmed: 19857053
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013 Sep;67(9):899-903
pubmed: 23859996
Lipids Health Dis. 2014 Oct 11;13:160
pubmed: 25304296
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008 May;62(5):682-5
pubmed: 17522610
Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 Jul 1;108(1):136-155
pubmed: 29931038
BMJ. 2009 Jul 21;339:b2700
pubmed: 19622552
Obes Facts. 2015;8(4):261-72
pubmed: 26139105
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2017 May;25(5):892-900
pubmed: 28440046
Evol Med Public Health. 2016 Sep 25;2016(1):338-357
pubmed: 27666719
Nutrition. 2013 Apr;29(4):611-8
pubmed: 23466047
Int J Behav Med. 2012 Dec;19(4):403-88
pubmed: 23093473
Br J Nutr. 2015 Feb 28;113(4):574-84
pubmed: 25661189
Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jan;87(1):258S-268S
pubmed: 18175766
Diabetologia. 2007 Sep;50(9):1795-1807
pubmed: 17583796
Front Public Health. 2013 Nov 01;1:48
pubmed: 24350217
Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Jul;76(1):93-9
pubmed: 12081821
Nutrients. 2017 Jan 18;9(1):
pubmed: 28106791
J Obes. 2012;2012:258624
pubmed: 22235369
Br J Nutr. 2015 Jan 14;113(1):1-15
pubmed: 25430608
J Biol Chem. 2013 May 10;288(19):13410-9
pubmed: 23530046
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Aug;92(8):2885-92
pubmed: 17504904
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 Aug;69(8):944-8
pubmed: 25828624
BMJ. 2013 Apr 03;346:f1378
pubmed: 23558164
Nutrients. 2016 May 23;8(5):
pubmed: 27223304
J Am Diet Assoc. 2008 Jul;108(7):1236-9
pubmed: 18589036
Circulation. 2002 Jul 16;106(3):388-91
pubmed: 12119259
Diabetes Care. 1999 Dec;22(12):1993-8
pubmed: 10587832
Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Oct;72(4):912-21
pubmed: 11010931
Nutrients. 2016 Aug 06;8(8):
pubmed: 27509519
BMJ. 1997 Sep 13;315(7109):629-34
pubmed: 9310563
PLoS One. 2016 Aug 10;11(8):e0159252
pubmed: 27509006
Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Dec;78(6):1103-10
pubmed: 14668271
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2008 Jun;233(6):674-88
pubmed: 18408140
Prev Med. 2002 Feb;34(2):109-18
pubmed: 11817903
Sci Am. 2010 Oct;303(4):40-7
pubmed: 20923127
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2017 May 24;57(8):1650-1663
pubmed: 26114864
Eur J Nutr. 2000 Apr;39(2):67-70
pubmed: 10918987
BMJ. 2011 Oct 18;343:d5928
pubmed: 22008217
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2010 Nov 30;7:85
pubmed: 21118562
Nutr J. 2014 Jun 17;13:61
pubmed: 24939238
Circulation. 2006 Feb 14;113(6):e85-151
pubmed: 16407573
Nutr J. 2013 Jul 29;12:105
pubmed: 23890471
J Intern Med. 2013 Jul;274(1):67-76
pubmed: 23414424
Mayo Clin Proc. 2004 Jan;79(1):101-8
pubmed: 14708953
Int J Obes (Lond). 2015 May;39(5):814-9
pubmed: 25349058
Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Jul;84(1):5-17
pubmed: 16825676
Am J Epidemiol. 2009 Apr 1;169(7):893-900
pubmed: 19224977
J Am Coll Nutr. 2013;32(2):111-21
pubmed: 24015718
Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2009 Jul 16;8:35
pubmed: 19604407
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Mar;68(3):350-7
pubmed: 24473459
Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 May;73(5):885-91
pubmed: 11333841
Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Oct;102(4):922-32
pubmed: 26269362
Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Jan;73(1):1-2
pubmed: 11124739
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Aug;63(8):947-55
pubmed: 19209185
Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Dec;84(6):1489-97
pubmed: 17158434
Diabetes Care. 2016 Nov;39(11):1909-1914
pubmed: 27581055
Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2017 Nov 9;19(12):61
pubmed: 29124370
J Periodontol. 2009 May;80(5):759-68
pubmed: 19405829
BMJ. 2003 Sep 6;327(7414):557-60
pubmed: 12958120
SOJ Microbiol Infect Dis. 2016;4(1):
pubmed: 27430014