Protein intake and the incidence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in 4 population-based studies: the PREVIEW project.
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Body Mass Index
Canada
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
/ etiology
Diet Records
Diet Surveys
Dietary Proteins
/ administration & dosage
Energy Intake
Europe
Feeding Behavior
Female
Humans
Incidence
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity
/ complications
Plant Proteins, Dietary
/ administration & dosage
Prediabetic State
/ etiology
Prospective Studies
Waist Circumference
Young Adult
diabetes
epidemiology
impaired glucose metabolism
observational studies
protein intake
Journal
The American journal of clinical nutrition
ISSN: 1938-3207
Titre abrégé: Am J Clin Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0376027
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 05 2019
01 05 2019
Historique:
received:
08
05
2018
accepted:
20
12
2018
entrez:
4
5
2019
pubmed:
6
5
2019
medline:
24
12
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Data on the relationship between protein intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes are conflicting. We studied prospective associations between the intake of total, plant-based, and animal protein and the risk of pre-diabetes and diabetes in 4 population-based studies included in the PREVIEW project. Analyses were conducted with the use of data from 3 European cohorts and 1 Canadian cohort, including 78,851 participants. Protein intake was assessed through the use of harmonized data from food-frequency questionnaires or 3-d dietary records. Cohort-specific incidence ratios (IRs) were estimated for pre-diabetes and diabetes, adjusting for general characteristics, lifestyle and dietary factors, disease history, and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference; results were pooled based on a random-effects meta-analysis. Higher total protein intake (g · kg-1 · d-1) was associated with lower incidences of pre-diabetes and diabetes (pooled IRs: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.87 and 0.49; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.83, respectively); plant-based protein intake was the main determinant (pooled IRs: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.86 and 0.53; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.76, respectively). Substituting 2 energy percentage (E%) protein at the expense of carbohydrates revealed increased risks of pre-diabetes and diabetes (pooled IRs: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.07 and 1.09; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.18, respectively). Except for the associations between intakes of total protein and plant-based protein (g · kg-1 · d-1) and diabetes, all other associations became nonsignificant after adjustment for BMI and waist circumference. Higher protein intake (g · kg-1 · d-1) was associated with a lower risk of pre-diabetes and diabetes. Associations were substantially attenuated after adjustments for BMI and waist circumference, which demonstrates a crucial role for adiposity and may account for previous conflicting findings. This study was registered at ISRCTN as ISRCTN31174892.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Data on the relationship between protein intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes are conflicting.
OBJECTIVE
We studied prospective associations between the intake of total, plant-based, and animal protein and the risk of pre-diabetes and diabetes in 4 population-based studies included in the PREVIEW project.
METHODS
Analyses were conducted with the use of data from 3 European cohorts and 1 Canadian cohort, including 78,851 participants. Protein intake was assessed through the use of harmonized data from food-frequency questionnaires or 3-d dietary records. Cohort-specific incidence ratios (IRs) were estimated for pre-diabetes and diabetes, adjusting for general characteristics, lifestyle and dietary factors, disease history, and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference; results were pooled based on a random-effects meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Higher total protein intake (g · kg-1 · d-1) was associated with lower incidences of pre-diabetes and diabetes (pooled IRs: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.87 and 0.49; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.83, respectively); plant-based protein intake was the main determinant (pooled IRs: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.86 and 0.53; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.76, respectively). Substituting 2 energy percentage (E%) protein at the expense of carbohydrates revealed increased risks of pre-diabetes and diabetes (pooled IRs: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.07 and 1.09; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.18, respectively). Except for the associations between intakes of total protein and plant-based protein (g · kg-1 · d-1) and diabetes, all other associations became nonsignificant after adjustment for BMI and waist circumference.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher protein intake (g · kg-1 · d-1) was associated with a lower risk of pre-diabetes and diabetes. Associations were substantially attenuated after adjustments for BMI and waist circumference, which demonstrates a crucial role for adiposity and may account for previous conflicting findings. This study was registered at ISRCTN as ISRCTN31174892.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31051510
pii: S0002-9165(22)03190-2
doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy388
pmc: PMC6499506
doi:
Substances chimiques
Dietary Proteins
0
Plant Proteins, Dietary
0
Banques de données
ISRCTN
['ISRCTN31174892']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1310-1318Subventions
Organisme : CIHR
ID : MOP-77652
Pays : Canada
Organisme : CIHR
ID : OHN-63276
Pays : Canada
Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019.
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