Reconceptualizing anorexia nervosa.
anorexia nervosa
environment
genetics
genome-wide association study
microbiome
Journal
Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
ISSN: 1440-1819
Titre abrégé: Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
Pays: Australia
ID NLM: 9513551
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2019
Sep 2019
Historique:
received:
04
01
2019
revised:
09
03
2019
accepted:
19
04
2019
pubmed:
6
5
2019
medline:
5
5
2020
entrez:
7
5
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Anorexia nervosa (AN) has one of the highest mortality rates of any psychiatric disorder. Treatments are often ineffective and relapse is common. Most research attempting to understand the underlying causes and maintenance factors of AN has focused on environmental contributions, yet there is much to be explored in terms of biological risk and maintenance factors. In this paper, we focus primarily on AN research related to genetics and the complex microbial community in the gut (intestinal microbiota), and how these impact our conceptualization of this disorder. Emerging research identifying significant negative genetic correlations between AN and obesity suggests that the conditions may represent 'metabolic bookends'. The identification of underlying biological mechanisms may provide both insight into extreme weight dysregulation on both ends of the spectrum and new possible points of entry for AN treatment. Additionally, the reported microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) in the gut microbiota in AN patients, potentially due to a nutrient- and energy-deprived gut environment, implies alterations in functional and metabolic capacity of the gut microbiome. The extent to which AN and obesity can also be considered to be 'microbiome bookends' requires further investigation. Finally, we discuss ongoing and future AN projects exploring the interplay between host genomics, the environment, and cumulative microbial genomes (microbiome) as well as interventions at the microbial and gut level.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31056797
doi: 10.1111/pcn.12857
pmc: PMC8094122
mid: NIHMS1689064
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
518-525Subventions
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH105684
Pays : United States
Organisme : Swedish Research Council
ID : 538-2013-8864
Organisme : Klarman Family Foundation
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH109528
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : U01 MH109528
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2019 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences © 2019 Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology.
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