Genomic Mismatch at

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / genetics Cohort Studies DNA Copy Number Variations Genetic Association Studies Genotype Graft Rejection / genetics HLA Antigens / genetics Histocompatibility Testing Humans Immunoglobulin G / blood Kidney Transplantation LIM Domain Proteins / genetics Membrane Proteins / genetics Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Tissue Donors

Journal

The New England journal of medicine
ISSN: 1533-4406
Titre abrégé: N Engl J Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0255562

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
16 05 2019
Historique:
entrez: 16 5 2019
pubmed: 16 5 2019
medline: 29 5 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

In the context of kidney transplantation, genomic incompatibilities between donor and recipient may lead to allosensitization against new antigens. We hypothesized that recessive inheritance of gene-disrupting variants may represent a risk factor for allograft rejection. We performed a two-stage genetic association study of kidney allograft rejection. In the first stage, we performed a recessive association screen of 50 common gene-intersecting deletion polymorphisms in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients. In the second stage, we replicated our findings in three independent cohorts of donor-recipient pairs. We defined genomic collision as a specific donor-recipient genotype combination in which a recipient who was homozygous for a gene-intersecting deletion received a transplant from a nonhomozygous donor. Identification of alloantibodies was performed with the use of protein arrays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and Western blot analyses. In the discovery cohort, which included 705 recipients, we found a significant association with allograft rejection at the We found that the

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
In the context of kidney transplantation, genomic incompatibilities between donor and recipient may lead to allosensitization against new antigens. We hypothesized that recessive inheritance of gene-disrupting variants may represent a risk factor for allograft rejection.
METHODS
We performed a two-stage genetic association study of kidney allograft rejection. In the first stage, we performed a recessive association screen of 50 common gene-intersecting deletion polymorphisms in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients. In the second stage, we replicated our findings in three independent cohorts of donor-recipient pairs. We defined genomic collision as a specific donor-recipient genotype combination in which a recipient who was homozygous for a gene-intersecting deletion received a transplant from a nonhomozygous donor. Identification of alloantibodies was performed with the use of protein arrays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and Western blot analyses.
RESULTS
In the discovery cohort, which included 705 recipients, we found a significant association with allograft rejection at the
CONCLUSIONS
We found that the

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1803731 PMID: 31091373 PMC: PMC6589355
pubmed: 31091373
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1803731
pmc: PMC6589355
mid: NIHMS1529617
doi:

Substances chimiques

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing 0
HLA Antigens 0
Immunoglobulin G 0
LIM Domain Proteins 0
LIMS1 protein, human 0
Membrane Proteins 0

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1918-1928

Subventions

Organisme : NCRR NIH HHS
ID : S10 RR027050
Pays : United States
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : T32 HL007954
Pays : United States
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_PC_15025
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1TR001873
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P30 CA013696
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR001873
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : T35 DK093430
Pays : United States
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_PC_16018
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : T32 DK108741
Pays : United States

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2019 Massachusetts Medical Society.

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Auteurs

Nicholas J Steers (NJ)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Yifu Li (Y)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Zahida Drace (Z)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Justin A D'Addario (JA)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Clara Fischman (C)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Lili Liu (L)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2622-9669

Katherine Xu (K)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Young-Ji Na (YJ)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Y Dana Neugut (YD)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Jun Y Zhang (JY)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Roel Sterken (R)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Olivia Balderes (O)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Drew Bradbury (D)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Nilgun Ozturk (N)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Fatih Ozay (F)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Sanya Goswami (S)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Karla Mehl (K)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Jaclyn Wold (J)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Fatima Z Jelloul (FZ)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Mersedeh Rohanizadegan (M)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Christopher E Gillies (CE)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Elena-Rodica M Vasilescu (EM)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

George Vlad (G)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Yi-An Ko (YA)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Sumit Mohan (S)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5305-9685

Jai Radhakrishnan (J)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

David J Cohen (DJ)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Lloyd E Ratner (LE)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Francesco Scolari (F)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Katalin Susztak (K)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Matthew G Sampson (MG)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Silvia Deaglio (S)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Yasar Caliskan (Y)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Jonathan Barasch (J)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Aisling E Courtney (AE)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Alexander P Maxwell (AP)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Amy J McKnight (AJ)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Iuliana Ionita-Laza (I)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Stephan J L Bakker (SJL)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Harold Snieder (H)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Martin H de Borst (MH)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
ORCID: 0000-0002-4127-8733

Vivette D'Agati (V)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Antonio Amoroso (A)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Ali G Gharavi (AG)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Krzysztof Kiryluk (K)

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (N.J.S., Y.L., J.A.D., C.F., L.L., K.X., Y.-J.N., Y.D.N., J.Y.Z., R.S., O.B., D.B., N.O., F.O., S.G., K.M., J.W., S.M., J.R., D.J.C., J.B., A.G.G., K.K.), the Department of Surgery (L.E.R.), and the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (E.-R.M.V., G.V., V.D.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and the Departments of Epidemiology (S.M.) and Biostatistics (I.I.-L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York; Immunogenetics and Biology of Transplantation, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin (Z.D., S.D., A.A.), and the Division of Nephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia (F.S.) - all in Italy; the Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (F.Z.J.); the Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston (M.R.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (C.E.G., M.G.S.); the Department of Medicine, Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Y.-A.K., K.S.); the Division of Nephrology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.C.); the Nephrology Research Group, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.E.C., A.P.M., A.J.M.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology (S.J.L.B., M.H.B.), and the Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics (H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Protéines et peptides de signalisation intracellulaire › Protéines adaptatrices de la transduction du signal › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Caractéristiques des études épidémiologiques › Études épidémiologiques › Études de cohortes › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Phénomènes génétiques › Variation génétique › Polymorphisme génétique › Variation structurale du génome › Variations de nombre de copies de segment d'ADN › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Techniques d'investigation › Techniques génétiques › Études d'associations génétiques › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Phénomènes génétiques › Génotype › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Phénomènes du système immunitaire › Immunologie en transplantation › Réaction de l'hôte contre le greffon › Rejet du greffon › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Facteurs biologiques › Antigènes › Isoantigènes › Antigènes d'histocompatibilité › Antigènes HLA › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Techniques d'investigation › Techniques immunologiques › Tests immunologiques › Test d'histocompatibilité › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Globulines › Sérum-globulines › Immunoglobulines › Anticorps › Isotypes des immunoglobulines › Immunoglobuline G › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Procédures de chirurgie opératoire › Procédures de chirurgie urogénitale › Procédures de chirurgie urologique › Transplantation rénale › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Protéines à domaine LIM › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Protéines membranaires › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Phénomènes génétiques › Variation génétique › Polymorphisme génétique › Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple › Genomic Mismatch at
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Donneurs de tissus › Genomic Mismatch at