Lignocellulose degradation in isopods: new insights into the adaptation to terrestrial life.
CAZymes
Isopods
Lignocellulose
Terrestrialization
Transcriptomics
Journal
BMC genomics
ISSN: 1471-2164
Titre abrégé: BMC Genomics
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100965258
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 Jun 2019
07 Jun 2019
Historique:
received:
11
03
2019
accepted:
23
05
2019
entrez:
9
6
2019
pubmed:
9
6
2019
medline:
5
3
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Isopods constitute a particular group of crustaceans that has successfully colonized all environments including marine, freshwater and terrestrial habitats. Their ability to use various food sources, especially plant biomass, might be one of the reasons of their successful spread. All isopods, which feed on plants and their by-products, must be capable of lignocellulose degradation. This complex composite is the main component of plants and is therefore an important nutrient source for many living organisms. Its degradation requires a large repertoire of highly specialized Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (called CAZymes) which are produced by the organism itself and in some cases, by its associated microbiota. The acquisition of highly diversified CAZymes could have helped isopods to adapt to their diet and to their environment, especially during land colonization. To test this hypothesis, isopod host CAZomes (i.e. the entire CAZyme repertoire) were characterized in marine, freshwater and terrestrial species through a transcriptomic approach. Many CAZymes were identified in 64 isopod transcriptomes, comprising 27 de novo datasets. Our results show that marine, freshwater and terrestrial isopods exhibit different CAZomes, illustrating different strategies for lignocellulose degradation. The analysis of variations of the size of CAZy families shows these are expanded in terrestrial isopods while they are contracted in aquatic isopods; this pattern is probably resulting from the evolution of the host CAZomes during the terrestrial adaptation of isopods. We show that CAZyme gene duplications and horizontal transfers can be involved in adaptive divergence between isopod CAZomes. Our characterization of the CAZomes in 64 isopods species provides new insights into the evolutionary processes that enabled isopods to conquer various environments, especially terrestrial ones.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Isopods constitute a particular group of crustaceans that has successfully colonized all environments including marine, freshwater and terrestrial habitats. Their ability to use various food sources, especially plant biomass, might be one of the reasons of their successful spread. All isopods, which feed on plants and their by-products, must be capable of lignocellulose degradation. This complex composite is the main component of plants and is therefore an important nutrient source for many living organisms. Its degradation requires a large repertoire of highly specialized Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (called CAZymes) which are produced by the organism itself and in some cases, by its associated microbiota. The acquisition of highly diversified CAZymes could have helped isopods to adapt to their diet and to their environment, especially during land colonization.
RESULTS
RESULTS
To test this hypothesis, isopod host CAZomes (i.e. the entire CAZyme repertoire) were characterized in marine, freshwater and terrestrial species through a transcriptomic approach. Many CAZymes were identified in 64 isopod transcriptomes, comprising 27 de novo datasets. Our results show that marine, freshwater and terrestrial isopods exhibit different CAZomes, illustrating different strategies for lignocellulose degradation. The analysis of variations of the size of CAZy families shows these are expanded in terrestrial isopods while they are contracted in aquatic isopods; this pattern is probably resulting from the evolution of the host CAZomes during the terrestrial adaptation of isopods. We show that CAZyme gene duplications and horizontal transfers can be involved in adaptive divergence between isopod CAZomes.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Our characterization of the CAZomes in 64 isopods species provides new insights into the evolutionary processes that enabled isopods to conquer various environments, especially terrestrial ones.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31174468
doi: 10.1186/s12864-019-5825-8
pii: 10.1186/s12864-019-5825-8
pmc: PMC6555040
doi:
Substances chimiques
lignocellulose
11132-73-3
Lignin
9005-53-2
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
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