[Efficacy and Management of Adverse Events of Ipilimumab Including Combination Therapy with Nivolumab].

The treatment of cancer has been greatly improved in recent years by immune checkpoint inhibitors. Anti-CTLA-4 and anti- PD-1 antibodies, two types of immune checkpoint inhibitors, have great potential to prolong survival, while they have different characteristics of efficacy and safety profiles. Combination therapy with the anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab and the anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab has better efficacy than monotherapy. On the other hand, immune checkpoint inhibitors can result in a wide variety of immune-related adverse events(irAEs), which should be carefully managed. Such irAE includes that of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and endocrine system, and is increased in incidence and severity when combined with ipilimumab and nivolumab. It is known that clinical characteristics of irAEs are different from those of typical autoimmune diseases. Therefore, irAEs should be managed in line with the algorithms and the appropriate use guides specifically for these drugs.