Diet-induced hypothalamic dysfunction and metabolic disease, and the therapeutic potential of polyphenols.
Hypothalamic inflammation
Longevity
Metabolic disease
Neural mitochondrial dysfunction
Nutrition
Polyphenols
Journal
Molecular metabolism
ISSN: 2212-8778
Titre abrégé: Mol Metab
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101605730
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2019
09 2019
Historique:
received:
24
05
2019
revised:
18
06
2019
accepted:
27
06
2019
pubmed:
14
7
2019
medline:
14
4
2020
entrez:
14
7
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases continues to rise globally. The increased consumption of unhealthy energy-rich diets that are high in fat and sugars results in oxidative stress and inflammation leading to hypothalamic dysfunction, which has been linked with these diseases. Conversely, diets rich in polyphenols, which are phytochemicals known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, are associated with a reduced risk for developing metabolic diseases. This review provides an overview of the effects of polyphenols against diet-induced hypothalamic dysfunction with respect to neural inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Results show that polyphenols ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation within the hypothalamus, thereby improving leptin signaling and mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, they protect against neurodegeneration by decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species and enhancing natural antioxidant defense systems. The potential of polyphenols as nutraceuticals against hypothalamic inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neurodegeneration could hold tremendous value. With hypothalamic inflammation increasing naturally with age, the potential to modulate these processes in order to extend longevity is exciting and warrants exploration. The continued escalation of mental health disorders, which are characterized by heightened neuronal inflammation, necessitates the furthered investigation into polyphenol therapeutic usage in this regard.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases continues to rise globally. The increased consumption of unhealthy energy-rich diets that are high in fat and sugars results in oxidative stress and inflammation leading to hypothalamic dysfunction, which has been linked with these diseases. Conversely, diets rich in polyphenols, which are phytochemicals known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, are associated with a reduced risk for developing metabolic diseases.
SCOPE OF REVIEW
This review provides an overview of the effects of polyphenols against diet-induced hypothalamic dysfunction with respect to neural inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Results show that polyphenols ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation within the hypothalamus, thereby improving leptin signaling and mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, they protect against neurodegeneration by decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species and enhancing natural antioxidant defense systems.
MAJOR CONCLUSIONS
The potential of polyphenols as nutraceuticals against hypothalamic inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neurodegeneration could hold tremendous value. With hypothalamic inflammation increasing naturally with age, the potential to modulate these processes in order to extend longevity is exciting and warrants exploration. The continued escalation of mental health disorders, which are characterized by heightened neuronal inflammation, necessitates the furthered investigation into polyphenol therapeutic usage in this regard.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31300352
pii: S2212-8778(19)30497-1
doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.06.022
pmc: PMC6717768
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Polyphenols
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1-10Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.
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