Dietary fat intake and metabolic syndrome in adults: A systematic review.
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Dietary Fats
/ administration & dosage
Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated
/ administration & dosage
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
/ administration & dosage
Fatty Acids, Omega-6
/ administration & dosage
Female
Humans
Male
Metabolic Syndrome
/ diagnosis
Middle Aged
Nutritive Value
Prevalence
Protective Factors
Recommended Dietary Allowances
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Young Adult
Dietary fat
Fat intake
Fatty acids
Metabolic syndrome
n-3 PUFA
n-6 PUFA
Journal
Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
ISSN: 1590-3729
Titre abrégé: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 9111474
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2019
09 2019
Historique:
received:
25
02
2019
revised:
05
05
2019
accepted:
06
05
2019
pubmed:
5
8
2019
medline:
3
3
2020
entrez:
5
8
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of coexisting cardiovascular risk factors. The role of specific dietary fats was reemphasized by dietary recommendations. This systematic review aims to assess evidence for the effect of dietary fat intake on MetS occurrence and reversion in adults. The MEDLINE database was used to search the existing literature. We included observational studies that analyzed dietary fat intake in adults with MetS and clinical trials that compared the effects of different dietary fat diets on MetS and/or its components. Thirty articles were selected (14 observational and 16 clinical trials), and we included information of dietary fat and fatty acids as well as MetS, body mass index, cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes in adults. SFA intake was found to be positively associated with MetS components. Most of the observational reviewed studies found beneficial associations between MUFA and PUFA (including n-3 and n-6 subtypes) intake and MetS components. Clinical trials also supported the benefits of MUFA- or PUFA-enriched diets (including low-fat diets) in reducing MetS. The effects of dietary SFAs on MetS will be influenced by other specific nutrients. Replacement of SFA by MUFA and PUFA has been associated with a decrease in MetS. Dietary recommendations should emphasize on different qualities of fat intake, not only to reduce total fat intake, to obtain health benefits in adults.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of coexisting cardiovascular risk factors. The role of specific dietary fats was reemphasized by dietary recommendations. This systematic review aims to assess evidence for the effect of dietary fat intake on MetS occurrence and reversion in adults.
METHODS AND RESULTS
The MEDLINE database was used to search the existing literature. We included observational studies that analyzed dietary fat intake in adults with MetS and clinical trials that compared the effects of different dietary fat diets on MetS and/or its components. Thirty articles were selected (14 observational and 16 clinical trials), and we included information of dietary fat and fatty acids as well as MetS, body mass index, cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes in adults. SFA intake was found to be positively associated with MetS components. Most of the observational reviewed studies found beneficial associations between MUFA and PUFA (including n-3 and n-6 subtypes) intake and MetS components. Clinical trials also supported the benefits of MUFA- or PUFA-enriched diets (including low-fat diets) in reducing MetS.
CONCLUSIONS
The effects of dietary SFAs on MetS will be influenced by other specific nutrients. Replacement of SFA by MUFA and PUFA has been associated with a decrease in MetS. Dietary recommendations should emphasize on different qualities of fat intake, not only to reduce total fat intake, to obtain health benefits in adults.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31377181
pii: S0939-4753(19)30202-9
doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.05.055
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Dietary Fats
0
Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated
0
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
0
Fatty Acids, Omega-6
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
887-905Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.