Comparative genomic analysis of six Glossina genomes, vectors of African trypanosomes.
Animals
DNA Transposable Elements
/ genetics
Drosophila melanogaster
/ genetics
Female
Gene Expression Regulation
Genes, Insect
Genes, X-Linked
Genome, Insect
Genomics
Geography
Insect Proteins
/ genetics
Insect Vectors
/ genetics
Male
Mutagenesis, Insertional
/ genetics
Phylogeny
Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
/ genetics
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Synteny
/ genetics
Trypanosoma
/ parasitology
Tsetse Flies
/ genetics
Wolbachia
/ genetics
Disease
Hematophagy
Lactation
Neglected
Symbiosis
Trypanosomiasis
Tsetse
Journal
Genome biology
ISSN: 1474-760X
Titre abrégé: Genome Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100960660
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 09 2019
02 09 2019
Historique:
received:
31
01
2019
accepted:
22
07
2019
entrez:
4
9
2019
pubmed:
4
9
2019
medline:
29
1
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Tsetse flies (Glossina sp.) are the vectors of human and animal trypanosomiasis throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Tsetse flies are distinguished from other Diptera by unique adaptations, including lactation and the birthing of live young (obligate viviparity), a vertebrate blood-specific diet by both sexes, and obligate bacterial symbiosis. This work describes the comparative analysis of six Glossina genomes representing three sub-genera: Morsitans (G. morsitans morsitans, G. pallidipes, G. austeni), Palpalis (G. palpalis, G. fuscipes), and Fusca (G. brevipalpis) which represent different habitats, host preferences, and vectorial capacity. Genomic analyses validate established evolutionary relationships and sub-genera. Syntenic analysis of Glossina relative to Drosophila melanogaster shows reduced structural conservation across the sex-linked X chromosome. Sex-linked scaffolds show increased rates of female-specific gene expression and lower evolutionary rates relative to autosome associated genes. Tsetse-specific genes are enriched in protease, odorant-binding, and helicase activities. Lactation-associated genes are conserved across all Glossina species while male seminal proteins are rapidly evolving. Olfactory and gustatory genes are reduced across the genus relative to other insects. Vision-associated Rhodopsin genes show conservation of motion detection/tracking functions and variance in the Rhodopsin detecting colors in the blue wavelength ranges. Expanded genomic discoveries reveal the genetics underlying Glossina biology and provide a rich body of knowledge for basic science and disease control. They also provide insight into the evolutionary biology underlying novel adaptations and are relevant to applied aspects of vector control such as trap design and discovery of novel pest and disease control strategies.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Tsetse flies (Glossina sp.) are the vectors of human and animal trypanosomiasis throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Tsetse flies are distinguished from other Diptera by unique adaptations, including lactation and the birthing of live young (obligate viviparity), a vertebrate blood-specific diet by both sexes, and obligate bacterial symbiosis. This work describes the comparative analysis of six Glossina genomes representing three sub-genera: Morsitans (G. morsitans morsitans, G. pallidipes, G. austeni), Palpalis (G. palpalis, G. fuscipes), and Fusca (G. brevipalpis) which represent different habitats, host preferences, and vectorial capacity.
RESULTS
Genomic analyses validate established evolutionary relationships and sub-genera. Syntenic analysis of Glossina relative to Drosophila melanogaster shows reduced structural conservation across the sex-linked X chromosome. Sex-linked scaffolds show increased rates of female-specific gene expression and lower evolutionary rates relative to autosome associated genes. Tsetse-specific genes are enriched in protease, odorant-binding, and helicase activities. Lactation-associated genes are conserved across all Glossina species while male seminal proteins are rapidly evolving. Olfactory and gustatory genes are reduced across the genus relative to other insects. Vision-associated Rhodopsin genes show conservation of motion detection/tracking functions and variance in the Rhodopsin detecting colors in the blue wavelength ranges.
CONCLUSIONS
Expanded genomic discoveries reveal the genetics underlying Glossina biology and provide a rich body of knowledge for basic science and disease control. They also provide insight into the evolutionary biology underlying novel adaptations and are relevant to applied aspects of vector control such as trap design and discovery of novel pest and disease control strategies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31477173
doi: 10.1186/s13059-019-1768-2
pii: 10.1186/s13059-019-1768-2
pmc: PMC6721284
doi:
Substances chimiques
DNA Transposable Elements
0
Insect Proteins
0
Types de publication
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
187Subventions
Organisme : FIC NIH HHS
ID : D43 TW007391
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : R01AI051584
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R01 AI051584
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R01 AI068932
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : R03TW008413
Pays : United States
Organisme : NHGRI NIH HHS
ID : U54HG003079
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : U01 AI115648
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : R03TW009444
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U01AI115648
Pays : United States
Organisme : National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
ID : R21AI109263
Pays : International
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