Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships between Leishmania infantum from dogs, humans and wildlife in south-east Spain.
Animals
Animals, Wild
/ parasitology
DNA, Intergenic
/ genetics
DNA, Protozoan
/ genetics
Dog Diseases
/ parasitology
Dogs
/ parasitology
Female
Genetic Variation
Genotype
Humans
Leishmania infantum
/ classification
Leishmaniasis, Visceral
/ parasitology
Male
Phylogeny
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Spain
Leishmania infantum
dog
genetic diversity
human
phylogeny
wildlife
Journal
Zoonoses and public health
ISSN: 1863-2378
Titre abrégé: Zoonoses Public Health
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101300786
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2019
12 2019
Historique:
received:
09
01
2019
revised:
19
07
2019
accepted:
05
08
2019
pubmed:
13
9
2019
medline:
18
7
2020
entrez:
13
9
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Leishmania infantum causes human and canine leishmaniosis. The parasite, transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies, infects species other than dogs and people, including wildlife, although their role as reservoirs of infection remains unknown for most species. Molecular typing of parasites to investigate genetic variability and evolutionary proximity can help understand transmission cycles and designing control strategies. We investigated Leishmania DNA variability in kinetoplast (kDNA) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences in asymptomatically infected wildlife (n = 58) and symptomatically and asymptomatically infected humans (n = 38) and dogs (n = 15) from south-east Spain, using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and in silico restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses. All ITS2 sequences (n = 76) displayed a 99%-100% nucleotide identity with a L. infantum reference sequence, except one with a 98% identity to a reference Leishmania panamensis sequence, from an Ecuadorian patient. No heterogeneity was recorded in the 73 L. infantum ITS2 sequences except for one SNP in a human parasite sequence. In contrast, kDNA analysis of 44 L. infantum sequences revealed 11 SNP genotypes (nucleotide variability up to 4.3%) and four RFLP genotypes including B, F and newly described S and T genotypes. Genotype frequency was significantly greater in symptomatic compared to asymptomatic individuals. Both methods similarly grouped parasites as predominantly or exclusively found in humans, in dogs, in wildlife or in all three of them. Accordingly, the phylogenetic analysis of kDNA sequences revealed three main clusters, two as a paraphyletic human parasites clade and a third including dogs, people and wildlife parasites. Results suggest that Leishmania infantum genetics is complex even in small geographical areas and that, probably, several independent transmission cycles take place simultaneously including some connecting animals and humans. Investigating these transmission networks may be useful in understanding the transmission dynamics, infection risk and therefore in planning L. infantum control strategies.
Substances chimiques
DNA, Intergenic
0
DNA, Protozoan
0
Banques de données
GENBANK
['KX098509', 'KU680960', 'AF027214', 'LC199491', 'FJ948445']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
961-973Subventions
Organisme : Universidad de Murcia
Pays : International
Organisme : Terra Natura Murcia
Pays : International
Organisme : COST Action TD1303
Pays : International
Organisme : Instituto de Salud Carlos III
ID : RICET RD06/0021/1007
Pays : International
Organisme : Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior
ID : IF/0773/2015
Pays : International
Organisme : Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation
ID : AGL2013-46981-R
Pays : International
Informations de copyright
© 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
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