A bit or a lot on the side? Observational study of the energy content of starters, sides and desserts in major UK restaurant chains.
eating out
food environment
kilocalories
obesity
restaurant food
Journal
BMJ open
ISSN: 2044-6055
Titre abrégé: BMJ Open
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101552874
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 10 2019
07 10 2019
Historique:
entrez:
10
10
2019
pubmed:
9
10
2019
medline:
24
10
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Our objective was to examine the kilocalorie (kcal) content of starters, sides and desserts served in major UK restaurant chains, comparing the kcal content of these dishes in fast-food and full-service restaurants. Observational study. Menu and nutritional information provided online by major UK restaurant chains. During October to November 2018, we accessed websites of restaurant chains with 50 or more outlets in the UK. Menu items that constituted starters, sides or desserts were identified and their kcal content was extracted. Accompanying beverages were not included. We used multilevel modelling to examine whether mean kcal content of dishes differed in fast-food versus full-service restaurants. The mean kcal content of dishes and the proportion of dishes exceeding public health recommendations for energy content in a main meal (>600 kcal). A total of 1009 dishes (212 starters, 318 sides and 479 desserts) from 27 restaurant chains (21 full-service, 6 fast-food) were included. The mean kcal content of eligible dishes was 488.0 (SE=15.6) for starters, 397.5 (SE=14.9) for sides and 430.6 (SE=11.5) for desserts. The percentage of dishes exceeding 600 kcal was 26.4% for starters, 21.7% for sides and 20.5% for desserts. Compared with fast-food chains, desserts offered at full-service restaurants were on average more calorific and were significantly more likely to exceed 600 kcal. The average energy content of sides, starters and desserts sold in major UK restaurants is high. One in four starters and one in five sides and desserts in UK chain restaurants exceed the recommended energy intake for an entire meal.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31594875
pii: bmjopen-2019-029679
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029679
pmc: PMC6797243
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Observational Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e029679Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/N000218/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf. ER has been a named investigator on research projects funded by the American Beverage Association but does not consider this funding a conflict of interest.
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