A primate with a Panda's thumb: The anatomy of the pseudothumb of Daubentonia madagascariensis.
anatomy
digital dissection
evolution
functional morphology
prepollex
Journal
American journal of physical anthropology
ISSN: 1096-8644
Titre abrégé: Am J Phys Anthropol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0400654
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2020
01 2020
Historique:
received:
17
04
2019
revised:
08
08
2019
accepted:
11
09
2019
pubmed:
22
10
2019
medline:
28
8
2020
entrez:
22
10
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Accessory digits have evolved independently within several mammalian lineages. Most notable among these is the pseudothumb of the giant panda, which has long been considered one of the most extraordinary examples of contingent evolution. To date, no primate has been documented to possess such an adaptation. Here, we investigate the presence of this structure within the aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis), a species renowned for several other specialized morphological adaptations in the hand, including a morphologically unique third digit. We combine physical dissection techniques with digital imaging processes across a sample of seven individuals (six adults and one immature individual) to describe and visualize the anatomy of the wrist and hand within the aye-aye. A distinct pseudothumb, which consists of both a bony component (an expanded radial sesamoid) and a dense cartilaginous extension (the "prepollex") was observed in all specimens. We demonstrate that this pseudodigit receives muscular attachments from three muscles, which collectively have the potential to enable abduction, adduction, and opposition. Finally, we demonstrate that the pseudothumb possesses its own distinct pad within the palm, complete with independent dermatoglyphs. Pseudothumbs have been suggested to improve palmar dexterity in taxa with overly -generalized first digits (e.g., pandas) and to widen the hand for digging (e.g., some fossorial moles), but the aye-aye's pseudothumb represents what we believe is a heretofore unrecognized third functional role: its accessory digit compensates for overspecialization of its fingers for non-gripping functions (in this case, the aye-aye's unique "tap foraging" practices).
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
8-16Subventions
Organisme : Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences
ID : 1440599
Pays : International
Organisme : Division of Integrative Organismal Systems
ID : 1557125
Pays : International
Informations de copyright
© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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