The role of oxytocin in regulation of appetitive behaviour, body weight and glucose homeostasis.
body weight
energy expenditure
food intake
glucose homeostasis
oxytocin
Journal
Journal of neuroendocrinology
ISSN: 1365-2826
Titre abrégé: J Neuroendocrinol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8913461
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 2020
04 2020
Historique:
received:
29
08
2019
revised:
14
10
2019
accepted:
24
10
2019
pubmed:
28
10
2019
medline:
9
9
2021
entrez:
29
10
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Obesity and its associated complications have reached epidemic proportions in the USA and also worldwide, highlighting the need for new and more effective treatments. Although the neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) is well recognised for its peripheral effects on reproductive behaviour, the release of OXT from somatodendrites and axonal terminals within the central nervous system (CNS) is also implicated in the control of energy balance. In this review, we summarise historical data highlighting the effects of exogenous OXT as a short-term regulator of food intake in a context-specific manner and the receptor populations that may mediate these effects. We also describe what is known about the physiological role of endogenous OXT in the control of energy balance and whether serum and brain levels of OXT relate to obesity on a consistent basis across animal models and humans with obesity. We describe recent data on the effectiveness of chronic CNS administration of OXT to decrease food intake and weight gain or to elicit weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) and genetically obese mice and rats. Of clinical importance is the finding that chronic central and peripheral OXT treatments both evoke weight loss in obese animal models with impaired leptin signalling at doses that are not associated with visceral illness, tachyphylaxis or adverse cardiovascular effects. Moreover, these results have been largely recapitulated following chronic s.c. or intranasal treatment in DIO non-human primates (rhesus monkeys) and obese humans, respectively. We also identify plausible mechanisms that contribute to the effects of OXT on body weight and glucose homeostasis in rodents, non-human primates and humans. We conclude by describing the ongoing challenges that remain before OXT-based therapeutics can be used as a long-term strategy to treat obesity in humans.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31657509
doi: 10.1111/jne.12805
pmc: PMC7186135
mid: NIHMS1057343
doi:
Substances chimiques
Blood Glucose
0
Oxytocin
50-56-6
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e12805Subventions
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : P30 DK040561
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK115976
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK109932
Pays : United States
Organisme : BLRD VA
ID : I01 BX004102
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : P30 DK017047
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2019 British Society for Neuroendocrinology.
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