Prevalence of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) and conventional drugs of abuse (DOA) in high risk populations from Paris (France) and its suburbs: A cross sectional study by hair testing (2012-2017).
Adult
Amphetamines
/ analysis
Analgesics, Opioid
/ analysis
Chromatography, Liquid
/ methods
Cocaine
/ analysis
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Hair
/ chemistry
Humans
Illicit Drugs
/ analysis
Male
Paris
/ epidemiology
Prevalence
Substance Abuse Detection
/ methods
Substance-Related Disorders
/ diagnosis
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
/ methods
Cathinones
Hair testing
Mass spectrometry
New psychoactive substances
Prevalence
Journal
Drug and alcohol dependence
ISSN: 1879-0046
Titre abrégé: Drug Alcohol Depend
Pays: Ireland
ID NLM: 7513587
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 11 2019
01 11 2019
Historique:
received:
29
01
2019
revised:
12
05
2019
accepted:
03
06
2019
pubmed:
2
11
2019
medline:
23
7
2020
entrez:
1
11
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The aim of the present study is to describe the prevalence of NPS and conventional DOA in Paris and its suburbs over a six-year period using hair testing approach. Hair was sampled in patients admitted to different departments of Paris hospitals between 2012 and 2017. Two high-risk populations were mainly considered: 1) drug-dependent and 2) acutely intoxicated patients. Segmental hair analysis was performed by validated LC-MS/MS method to screen for DOA and 83 NPS. 480 patients (280 M/200 F, 15-70 years) were included. 141 patients tested positive for NPS (99 M/42 F; median age: 33). NPS prevalence was 29%, that of amphetamines, cocaine and opioids were 32%, 38.5% and 52%, respectively. 27 NPS were identified, 4-MEC and mephedrone (number of cases n = 24 each) were the most detected cathinones. JWH-122 (n = 1) was the only detected synthetic cannabinoid while ketamine (n = 104) was present in numerous NPS users (67%). 3-fluorofentanyl (n = 1), furanylfentanyl (n = 1), N-ethylpentylone (n = 2), pentedrone (n = 2), mexedrone (n = 1), methcathinone (n = 3), 6-APDB (n = 2), TFMPP (n = 2), 2-CE (n = 1), 3,4-MD-αPHP (n = 1) and dextromethorphan (n = 27) were identified for the first time in hair. Users were found to have more than one NPS in 53% of cases, mostly in combination with conventional DOA. The number of detected NPS rose from 5 in 2012 to 42 in 2017. A broad range of hair concentrations (0.001-318 ng/mg) was found, but the low median concentrations seem to show an occasional exposure more than chronic use. NPS screening should be assessed in routine clinical practice, especially in high-risk populations.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The aim of the present study is to describe the prevalence of NPS and conventional DOA in Paris and its suburbs over a six-year period using hair testing approach.
METHOD
Hair was sampled in patients admitted to different departments of Paris hospitals between 2012 and 2017. Two high-risk populations were mainly considered: 1) drug-dependent and 2) acutely intoxicated patients. Segmental hair analysis was performed by validated LC-MS/MS method to screen for DOA and 83 NPS.
RESULTS
480 patients (280 M/200 F, 15-70 years) were included. 141 patients tested positive for NPS (99 M/42 F; median age: 33). NPS prevalence was 29%, that of amphetamines, cocaine and opioids were 32%, 38.5% and 52%, respectively. 27 NPS were identified, 4-MEC and mephedrone (number of cases n = 24 each) were the most detected cathinones. JWH-122 (n = 1) was the only detected synthetic cannabinoid while ketamine (n = 104) was present in numerous NPS users (67%). 3-fluorofentanyl (n = 1), furanylfentanyl (n = 1), N-ethylpentylone (n = 2), pentedrone (n = 2), mexedrone (n = 1), methcathinone (n = 3), 6-APDB (n = 2), TFMPP (n = 2), 2-CE (n = 1), 3,4-MD-αPHP (n = 1) and dextromethorphan (n = 27) were identified for the first time in hair. Users were found to have more than one NPS in 53% of cases, mostly in combination with conventional DOA. The number of detected NPS rose from 5 in 2012 to 42 in 2017. A broad range of hair concentrations (0.001-318 ng/mg) was found, but the low median concentrations seem to show an occasional exposure more than chronic use.
CONCLUSION
NPS screening should be assessed in routine clinical practice, especially in high-risk populations.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31670189
pii: S0376-8716(19)30267-4
doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.011
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Amphetamines
0
Analgesics, Opioid
0
Illicit Drugs
0
Cocaine
I5Y540LHVR
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
107508Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.