Serotonin and MucXS release by small secretory cells depend on Xpod, a SSC specific marker gene.
Xenopus
SSC
cilia
mucus
notch
serotonin
Journal
Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000)
ISSN: 1526-968X
Titre abrégé: Genesis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 100931242
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2020
02 2020
Historique:
received:
10
07
2019
revised:
24
10
2019
accepted:
25
10
2019
pubmed:
11
11
2019
medline:
2
1
2021
entrez:
10
11
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Mucus secretion and ciliary motility are hallmarks for muco-ciliary epithelia (MCE). Both, mammalian airways as well as the less complex epidermis of Xenopus embryos show cilia-driven mucus flow to protect the organism against harmful effects by exogenous pathogens or pollutants. Four cell types set up the epidermal MCE in Xenopus. Multi-ciliated cells (MCCs) generate an anterior to posterior flow of mucus. Ion secreting cells (ISCs) are characterized by the expression of ion transporters, presumably to maintain a favorable homeostasis. The largest cell type is represented by goblet cells, which cover most of the epidermis and exhibit secretory properties. Additionally, small secretory cells (SSCs) release mucus, antibiotic compounds, and the monoamine serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT). We have recently shown that serotonin regulates flow velocity by acting on ciliary beat frequency. Here, we describe the identification and functional characterization of Xenopus polka-dots (Xpod). No homologous genes or proteins were found in other vertebrates, including Xenopus tropicalis. We demonstrate that Xpod serves as an SSC-specific marker, starting to be expressed shortly after SSC specification at neurula stages. Overexpression of a tagged Xpod protein resulted in the localization of secretory granules. Notch signaling induced SSC cell fate, in contrast to its repressing effect on MCC and ISC specification. Xpod loss-of-function revealed that mucus and 5-HT release by SSCs was severely diminished, which impaired the ciliary beating of MCCs. In summary, Xpod specifically marked SSCs and was required for muco-ciliary secretion in Xenopus laevis.
Substances chimiques
Receptors, Notch
0
Xenopus Proteins
0
Xolka dots protein, Xenopus
0
Serotonin
333DO1RDJY
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e23344Informations de copyright
© 2019 The Authors. Genesis published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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