Anatomical and radiographic study of the scapula in juveniles and adults of Tamandua mexicana (Xenarthra: Myrmecophagidae).
Xenarthra
coracoscapular ligaments
cranial transverse scapular ligament
osteology
scapular cartilage
thoracic limb
Journal
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia
ISSN: 1439-0264
Titre abrégé: Anat Histol Embryol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 7704218
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Mar 2020
Mar 2020
Historique:
received:
02
09
2019
revised:
24
09
2019
accepted:
20
10
2019
pubmed:
14
11
2019
medline:
20
11
2020
entrez:
14
11
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Tamandua mexicana is a mammal of the superorder Xenarthra geographically located between Mexico and Peru that remains insufficiently studied. These species are characterized by their movement, resting, and eating of termites and ants in arboreal and terrestrial environments, and therefore, their thoracic limbs have been adapted morphologically to move in these environments. Tamandua mexicana is a species constantly threatened by different causes, and their thoracic limbs can be affected in the scapular and shoulder regions as a result; therefore, specific anatomical knowledge of the scapula allows for better clinical procedures, surgical approaches, radiological diagnosis and muscular reconstructions in extinct species of anteaters. The main objective of this study was to report the anatomical and radiographic features of the scapula in juvenile and adult specimens of T. mexicana. Gross dissections and radiographic study were performed in six cadavers. The scapula had large differences compared with other mammals, such as two spines, a foramen for the suprascapular nerve, a long acromion, a cranial transverse scapular ligament and caudolateral fossa for the origin of the muscles teres major, tensor fasciae antebrachii and subscapular. In juvenile specimens, a scapular cartilage, an acromial cartilage, craniomedial and caudolateral coracoscapular ligaments forming the foramen for the suprascapular nerve, and progressive ossification of those ligaments and the cranial transverse scapular ligament were observed. These findings were corroborated by radiography; therefore, these characteristics change with age. The bony reliefs of the scapula of T. mexicana corroborate the specialization of the shoulder in this species.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
203-215Subventions
Organisme : Universidad del Tolima
Informations de copyright
© 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
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