Feeding a Bioactive Oil Enriched in Stearidonic Acid during Early Life Influences Immune System Maturation in Neonatal Sprague-Dawley Rats.
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Cytokines
/ biosynthesis
Dietary Fats, Unsaturated
/ administration & dosage
Fatty Acids
/ blood
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
/ administration & dosage
Female
Immune System
/ drug effects
Immunoglobulin G
/ blood
Immunophenotyping
Male
Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Random Allocation
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Spleen
/ metabolism
eicosapentaenoic acid
immune system
lactation period
mucosal tolerance
neonatal development
nutritional immunology
omega 3
ovalbumin
stearidonic acid
weaning period
Journal
The Journal of nutrition
ISSN: 1541-6100
Titre abrégé: J Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0404243
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 03 2020
01 03 2020
Historique:
received:
04
03
2019
revised:
09
07
2019
accepted:
26
09
2019
pubmed:
14
11
2019
medline:
10
9
2020
entrez:
14
11
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Long-chain n-3 PUFAs (LCPUFAs) improve immune development and reduce atopic disease risk in infants. Stearidonic acid (SDA) can be a substrate for biosynthesis of n-3 LCPUFAs. We aimed to determine the effect of feeding an SDA-enriched diet during suckling and weaning on offspring immunity and ability to develop oral tolerance (OT). Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to consume either SDA (3 g SDA/100 g fat) or a control (no SDA) diet, 5 d before parturition and through lactation (21 d). For the OT treatment, 10-d-old pups were fed ovalbumin (Ova; 200 μL of 8 mg/mL) or placebo daily for 5 d. At 21 d, pups (both sexes) were weaned to their respective maternal diet until 6 wk of age or killed. Systemic immunization was induced using Ova (in 3-wk-old pups) or Ova + adjuvant (in 6-wk-old pups). The effect of suckling diet (in 3-wk-old pups) or weaning diet (in 6-wk-old pups) and OT treatment on immune function (main outcome) in spleen and blood was compared using 2-factor ANOVA. An SDA-enriched maternal diet, compared with the control diet, resulted in higher plasma phospholipid (PL) EPA (15 times higher), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 3 times higher), and DHA (1.3 times higher) content in 3-wk-old pups, accompanied by higher B-cell function [plasma ovalbumin-specific IgG1 (Ova-IgG1), 2 times higher] ( P < 0.05). Compared with pups fed a control diet, the splenocytes from these pups had more (23%) helper T (Th) cells (CD3+CD4+) and activated (12%) Th cells (CD4+CD28+) (P < 0.02) than controls. At 6 wk, the SDA group had 30% more CD4+CD25+ splenocytes, and when stimulated ex vivo with LPS, produced less inflammatory IL-6 (50%) and TNF-α (30%) and more immunoregulatory IL-10 (45%) cytokines (P < 0.05) than the control group. The Ova-exposed group had less (30%) plasma Ova-IgG1 than the placebo group. Splenocytes and plasma PLs from the 6-wk-old SDA group had more EPA (2x) and DPA (3.5x) (P < 0.05), but not DHA, than the control group. Feeding SDA during lactation and weaning altered immune responses in directions believed to be beneficial.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Long-chain n-3 PUFAs (LCPUFAs) improve immune development and reduce atopic disease risk in infants. Stearidonic acid (SDA) can be a substrate for biosynthesis of n-3 LCPUFAs.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to determine the effect of feeding an SDA-enriched diet during suckling and weaning on offspring immunity and ability to develop oral tolerance (OT).
METHODS
Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to consume either SDA (3 g SDA/100 g fat) or a control (no SDA) diet, 5 d before parturition and through lactation (21 d). For the OT treatment, 10-d-old pups were fed ovalbumin (Ova; 200 μL of 8 mg/mL) or placebo daily for 5 d. At 21 d, pups (both sexes) were weaned to their respective maternal diet until 6 wk of age or killed. Systemic immunization was induced using Ova (in 3-wk-old pups) or Ova + adjuvant (in 6-wk-old pups). The effect of suckling diet (in 3-wk-old pups) or weaning diet (in 6-wk-old pups) and OT treatment on immune function (main outcome) in spleen and blood was compared using 2-factor ANOVA.
RESULTS
An SDA-enriched maternal diet, compared with the control diet, resulted in higher plasma phospholipid (PL) EPA (15 times higher), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 3 times higher), and DHA (1.3 times higher) content in 3-wk-old pups, accompanied by higher B-cell function [plasma ovalbumin-specific IgG1 (Ova-IgG1), 2 times higher] ( P < 0.05). Compared with pups fed a control diet, the splenocytes from these pups had more (23%) helper T (Th) cells (CD3+CD4+) and activated (12%) Th cells (CD4+CD28+) (P < 0.02) than controls. At 6 wk, the SDA group had 30% more CD4+CD25+ splenocytes, and when stimulated ex vivo with LPS, produced less inflammatory IL-6 (50%) and TNF-α (30%) and more immunoregulatory IL-10 (45%) cytokines (P < 0.05) than the control group. The Ova-exposed group had less (30%) plasma Ova-IgG1 than the placebo group. Splenocytes and plasma PLs from the 6-wk-old SDA group had more EPA (2x) and DPA (3.5x) (P < 0.05), but not DHA, than the control group.
CONCLUSIONS
Feeding SDA during lactation and weaning altered immune responses in directions believed to be beneficial.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31722423
pii: S0022-3166(22)02058-2
doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz255
doi:
Substances chimiques
Cytokines
0
Dietary Fats, Unsaturated
0
Fatty Acids
0
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
0
Immunoglobulin G
0
stearidonic acid
P4CEK3495O
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
606-615Informations de copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2019.