Immunomodulating Activity and Therapeutic Effects of Short Chain Fatty Acids and Tryptophan Post-biotics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
SCFAs
gut microbiota
immunonutrition
infammatory bowel disease
metabolites
post-biotics
tryptophan
Journal
Frontiers in immunology
ISSN: 1664-3224
Titre abrégé: Front Immunol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101560960
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2019
2019
Historique:
received:
06
09
2019
accepted:
11
11
2019
entrez:
12
12
2019
pubmed:
12
12
2019
medline:
11
11
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC) are grouped as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). The IBD is associated to a multifaceted interplay between immunologic, microbial, genetic, and environmental factors. Nowadays, the gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis has been indicated as a cause in the IBD development, affecting the impaired cross-talk between GM and immune cells. Moreover, recent studies have uncovered a crucial role for bacterial post-biotics (metabolites) in the orchestration of the host immune response, as they could be messengers between the GM and the immune system. In addition, transgenic mouse models showed that SCFAs (Short Chain Fatty Acids) and Tryptophan (Trp) post-biotics play important immunomodulatory effects, regulating both innate and adaptive immune cell generation, their function and trafficking. Here, we present an overview on the main microbial post-biotics and their effects on the gut mucosa with specific emphasis on their relevance for IBD. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of SCFA and Trp post-biotics on IBD through approaches based on the "immunonutrition," defined as a modulation of the immune system provided by specific interventions that modify dietary nutrients.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31824517
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02754
pmc: PMC6883404
doi:
Substances chimiques
Fatty Acids, Volatile
0
Tryptophan
8DUH1N11BX
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2754Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Russo, Giudici, Fiorindi, Ficari, Scaringi and Amedei.
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