Prevalence, incidence and residual risk of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis B virus infection in Italy from 2009 to 2018.
Journal
Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue
ISSN: 2385-2070
Titre abrégé: Blood Transfus
Pays: Italy
ID NLM: 101237479
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2019
11 2019
Historique:
received:
11
10
2019
accepted:
25
11
2019
entrez:
18
12
2019
pubmed:
18
12
2019
medline:
8
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In Italy, the use of nucleic acid testing for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in donor screening has allowed the detection of infections in the window phase, as well as the presence of occult infections which could potentially be transmitted. The aim of this study was to analyse the trends of epidemiological data focused on HBV infection in blood donors and to estimate the residual risk of transmitting HBV from both the window phase and occult infection over a 10-year period in Italy. Data were obtained from the Italian Haemovigilance System which includes the results of screening tests for transfusion transmissible infections. During the period of this survey (2009-2018), the molecular methods used for HBV screening were transcription-mediated amplification and polymerase chain reaction tests. Prevalence and incidence were calculated. The residual risk was estimated by applying the incidence-window period model for acute cases and a more recently reported model for estimating the risk due to occult infections. A total of 17,424,535 blood donors and 30,842,794 donations were tested for HBV. Altogether, 6,250 donors tested positive for HBV markers: 4,782 (175.6×10 In Italy, the residual risk of transfusing a blood unit infected with HBV, both from window phase and occult infections, is currently very low, amounting to levels that can be considered tolerable.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
In Italy, the use of nucleic acid testing for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in donor screening has allowed the detection of infections in the window phase, as well as the presence of occult infections which could potentially be transmitted. The aim of this study was to analyse the trends of epidemiological data focused on HBV infection in blood donors and to estimate the residual risk of transmitting HBV from both the window phase and occult infection over a 10-year period in Italy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Data were obtained from the Italian Haemovigilance System which includes the results of screening tests for transfusion transmissible infections. During the period of this survey (2009-2018), the molecular methods used for HBV screening were transcription-mediated amplification and polymerase chain reaction tests. Prevalence and incidence were calculated. The residual risk was estimated by applying the incidence-window period model for acute cases and a more recently reported model for estimating the risk due to occult infections.
RESULTS
A total of 17,424,535 blood donors and 30,842,794 donations were tested for HBV. Altogether, 6,250 donors tested positive for HBV markers: 4,782 (175.6×10
DISCUSSION
In Italy, the residual risk of transfusing a blood unit infected with HBV, both from window phase and occult infections, is currently very low, amounting to levels that can be considered tolerable.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31846606
pii: 2019.0245-19
doi: 10.2450/2019.0245-19
pmc: PMC6917538
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
409-417Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
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