Bisphenols as a Legacy Pollutant, and Their Effects on Organ Vulnerability.
bisphenols
endocrine disruptors
hepatic toxicity
immunotoxicity
neurotoxicity
obesity and diabetes mellitus
Journal
International journal of environmental research and public health
ISSN: 1660-4601
Titre abrégé: Int J Environ Res Public Health
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101238455
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
22 12 2019
22 12 2019
Historique:
received:
04
11
2019
revised:
18
12
2019
accepted:
19
12
2019
entrez:
28
12
2019
pubmed:
28
12
2019
medline:
6
5
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Bisphenols are widely used in the synthesis of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, and thermal paper, which are used in manufacturing items of daily use. Packaged foods and drinks are the main sources of exposure to bisphenols. These chemicals affect humans and animals by disrupting the estrogen, androgen, progesterone, thyroid, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor functions. Bisphenols exert numerous harmful effects because of their interaction with receptors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell signal alterations. Both cohort and case-control studies have determined an association between bisphenol exposure and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, reproductive abnormalities, obesity, and diabetes. Prenatal exposure to bisphenols results in developmental disorders in animals. These chemicals also affect the immune cells and play a significant role in initiating the inflammatory response. Exposure to bisphenols exhibit age, gender, and dose-dependent effects. Even at low concentrations, bisphenols exert toxicity, and hence deserve a critical assessment of their uses. Since bisphenols have a global influence on human health, the need to discover the underlying pathways involved in all disease conditions is essential. Furthermore, it is important to promote the use of alternatives for bisphenols, thereby restricting their uses.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31877889
pii: ijerph17010112
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17010112
pmc: PMC6982222
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Benzhydryl Compounds
0
Endocrine Disruptors
0
Environmental Pollutants
0
Estrogens
0
Phenols
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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