Social anhedonia and social functioning: Loneliness as a mediator.
loneliness
social anhedonia
social functioning
Journal
PsyCh journal
ISSN: 2046-0260
Titre abrégé: Psych J
Pays: Australia
ID NLM: 101598595
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Apr 2020
Apr 2020
Historique:
received:
11
09
2019
revised:
17
12
2019
accepted:
19
12
2019
pubmed:
23
1
2020
medline:
30
12
2020
entrez:
23
1
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Social anhedonia is associated with reduced social functioning and diminished reward from social interactions. Individuals expressing social anhedonia are likely to experience reduced social connectedness and feel lonely. Loneliness is also associated with reduced social functioning. Therefore, loneliness could account for the relationship between social anhedonia and social functioning. We aimed to determine whether loneliness mediates the relationship between social anhedonia and reduced social functioning. In total, 824 young adults (M age = 21.03, SD = 5.59; 72.3% female) completed the Revised-Social Anhedonia Scale (RSAS), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale, and the Social Functioning Scale (SFS). Scores on thee SFS were summed into six subscales: Social Withdrawal, Relationships, Social Activities, Recreational Activities, Independence (Competence), and Independence (Performance). Negative affect (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales-21 [DASS] total score) was included as a covariate. Both the RSAS and the UCLA Loneliness Scale were negatively correlated with overall and all social functioning subscales. The DASS-21 positively correlated with all variables of interest. Mediation analyses revealed that loneliness partially mediated the relationship between social anhedonia and the social functioning subscales, with the exception of Recreational Activities. However, loneliness was a full mediator for the relationship between social anhedonia and overall social functioning. The study findings suggest that targeting loneliness in interventions may be important for improving various aspects of social functioning in those individuals who express social anhedonia.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
280-289Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
Références
Alvarez-Jimenez, M., Gleeson, J. F., Bendall, S., Penn, D. L., Yung, A. R., Ryan, R. M., … Nelson, B. (2018). Enhancing social functioning in young people at Ultra High Risk (UHR) for psychosis: a pilot study of a novel strengths and mindfulness-based online social therapy. Schizophrenia Research, 202, 369-377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2018.07.022
Assaad, L., & Lemay, E. P., Jr. (2018). Social anhedonia and romantic relationship processes. Journal of Personality, 86(2), 147-157. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12300
Badcock, J. C., Barkus, E., Cohen, A. S., Bucks, R., & Badcock, D. R. (2016). Loneliness and schizotypy are distinct constructs, separate from general psychopathology. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1018. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01018
Badcock, J. C., Shah, S., Mackinnon, A., Stain, H. J., Galletly, C., Jablensky, A., & Morgan, V. A. (2015). Loneliness in psychotic disorders and its association with cognitive function and symptom profile. Schizophrenia Research, 169(1-3), 268-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2015.10.027
Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497-529. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497
Bedwell, J. S., Gooding, D. C., Chan, C. C., & Trachik, B. J. (2014). Anhedonia in the age of RDoC. Schizophrenia Research, 160(1-3), 226-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2014.10.028
Birchwood, M., Smith, J., Cochrane, R., Wetton, S., & Copestake, S. (1990). The social functioning scale. The development and validation of a new scale of social adjustment for use in family intervention programmes with schizophrenia patients. British Journal of Psychiatry, 157(6), 853-859. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.6.853
Blanchard, J. J., Collins, L. M., Aghevli, M., Leung, W. W., & Cohen, A. S. (2011). Social anhedonia and schizotypy in a community sample: the Maryland longitudinal study of schizotypy. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 37(3), 587-602. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbp107
Blanchard, J. J., Gangestad, S. W., Brown, S. A., & Horan, W. P. (2000). Hedonic capacity and schizotypy revisited: a taxometric analysis of social anhedonia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(1), 87-95. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843X.109.1.87
Blanchard, J. J., Horan, W. P., & Brown, S. A. (2001). Diagnostic differences in social anhedonia: a longitudinal study of schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110(3), 363-371. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.110.3.363
Bonnin, C. D. M., Reinares, M., Martinez-Aran, A., Jimenez, E., Sanchez-Moreno, J., Sole, B., … Vieta, E. (2019). Improving functioning, quality of life, and well-being in patients with bipolar disorder. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 22(8), 467-477. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyz018
Brissos, S., Molodynski, A., Dias, V. V., & Figueira, M. L. (2011). The importance of measuring psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia. Annals of General Psychiatry, 10, 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-859X-10-18
Brown, L. H., Silvia, P. J., Myin-Germeys, I., & Kwapil, T. (2007). When the need to belong goes wrong: the expression of social anhedonia and social anxiety in daily life. Psychological Science, 18(9), 778-782. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01978.x
Brown, L. H., Silvia, P. J., Myin-Germeys, I., Lewandowski, K. E., & Kwapil, T. R. (2008). The relationship of social anxiety and social anhedonia to psychometrically identified schizotypy. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 27(2), 127-149. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2008.27.2.127
Burns, T., & Patrick, D. (2007). Social functioning as an outcome measure in schizophrenia studies. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 116(6), 403-418. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01108.x
Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L. C., Ernst, J. M., Burleson, M., Berntson, G. G., Nouriani, B., & Spiegel, D. (2006). Loneliness within a nomological net: an evolutionary perspective. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(6), 1054-1085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2005.11.007
Cicero, S. C., Krieg, A., Becker, T. M., & Kerns, J. G. (2016). Evidence for the discriminant validity of the revised social anhedonia scale from social anxiety. Assessment, 23(5), 544-556. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191115590851
Cornwell, E. Y., & Waite, L. J. (2009). Social disconnectedness, perceived isolation, and health among older adults. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour, 50(1), 31-48. https://doi.org/10.1177/002214650905000103
Corrigan, P. W., Morris, S. B., Michaels, P. J., Rafacz, J. D., & Rusch, N. (2012). Challenging the public stigma of mental illness: a meta-analysis of outcome studies. Psychiatric Services, 63(10), 963-973. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201100529
Danese, A., Moffitt, T. E., Harrington, H., Milne, B. J., Polanczyk, G., Pariante, C. M., … Caspi, A. (2009). Adverse childhood experiences and adult risk factors for age-related disease: depression, inflammation, and clustering of metabolic risk markers. Archives of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 163(12), 1135-1143. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.214
De Silva, M. J., Cooper, S., Li, H. L., Lund, C., & Patel, V. (2013). Effect of psychosocial interventions on social functioning in depression and schizophrenia: meta- analysis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 202(4), 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.112.118018
Dodell-Feder, D., Tully, L. M., Lincoln, S. H., & Hooker, C. I. (2014). The neutral basis of theory of mind and its relationship to social functioning and social anhedonia in individuals with schizophrenia. NeuroImage: Clinical, 4, 154-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2013.11.006
Eckblad, M. L., Chapman, L. J., Chapman, J. P., & Mishlove, M. (1982). The Revised Social Anhedonia Scale. Unpublished Test. University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Fortunati, R., Ossola, P., Camerlengo, A., Bettini, E., De Panfilis, C., Tonna, M., … Marchesi, C. (2015). Anhedonia in schizophrenia: the role of subjective experiences. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 62, 152-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.07.011
Frewen, P. A., Dozois, J. A., & Lanius, R. A. (2012). Assessment of anhedonia in psychological trauma: psychometric and neuroimaging perspectives. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 3(1), 8587. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v3i0.8587
Gao, J., Davis, L. K., Hart, A. B., Sanchez-Roige, S., Han, L., Cacioppo, J. T., & Palmer, A. A. (2017). Genome-wide association study of loneliness demonstrates a role for common variation. Neuropsychopharmacology, 42, 811-821. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2016.197
Gooding, D. C., Davidson, R. J., Putnam, K. M., & Tallent, L. A. (2002). Normative emotion-modulated startle response in individuals at risk for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Schizophrenia Research, 57(1), 109-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-9964(01)00295-X
Gooding, D. C., Tallent, K. A., & Matts, C. W. (2005). Clinical status of at-risk individuals 5 years later: further validation of the psychometric high-risk strategy. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114(1), 170-175. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.114.1.170
Harrison, A., Mountford, V. A., & Tchanturia, K. (2014). Social anhedonia and work and social functioning in the acute and recovered phases of eating disorders. Psychiatry Research, 218(1-2), 187-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.04.007
Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010). Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 40(2), 218-227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-010-9210-8
Healey, K. L., Morgan, J., Musselman, S. C., Olino, T. M., & Forbes, E. E. (2014). Social anhedonia and medial prefrontal response to mutual liking in late adolescents. Brain and Cognition, 89, 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2013.12.004
Heinrich, L. M., & Gullone, E. (2006). The clinical significance of loneliness: a literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(6), 695-718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2006.04.002
Hellvin, T., Sundet, K., Vaskinn, A., Simonsen, C., Ueland, T., Andreassen, O. A., & Melle, I. (2010). Validation of the Norwegian version of the social functioning scale (SFS) for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 51(6), 525-533. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2010.00839.x
Henry, J. D., Bailey, P. E., & Rendell, P. G. (2008). Empathy, social functioning and schizotypy. Psychiatry Research, 160(1), 15-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2007.04.014
Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., & Layton, J. B. (2010). Social relationships and mortality risk: a meta-analytic review. PLoS Medicine, 7(7), e1000316. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316
Horan, W. P., Brown, S. A., & Blanchard, J. J. (2007). Social anhedonia and schizotypy: the contribution of individual differences in affective traits, stress, and coping. Psychiatry Research, 149(1-3), 147-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2006.06.002
Horan, W. P., Green, M. F., Kring, A. M., & Nuechterlein, K. H. (2006). Does anhedonia in schizophrenia reflect faulty memory for subjectively experienced emotions? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115(3), 496-508. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.115.3.496
House, J. S. (2001). Social isolation kills, but how and why? Psychosomatic Medicine, 63(2), 273-274. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-200103000-00011
Jaremka, L. M., Andridge, R. R., Fagundes, C. P., Alfano, C. M., Povoski, S. P., Lipari, A. M., … Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K. (2014). Pain, depression and fatigue: loneliness as a longitudinal risk factor. Health Psychology, 33(9), 948-957. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034012
Joiner, T., Brown, J., & Metalsky, G. (2003). A test of the tripartite model's prediction of anhedonia's specificity to depression: patients with major depression versus patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 119(3), 243-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1781(03)00131-8
Juckel, G., & Morosini, P. L. (2008). The new approach: psychosocial functioning as a necessary outcome criterion for the therapeutic success in schizophrenia. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 21(6), 630-639. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0b013e328314e144
Kwapil, T. R. (1998). Social anhedonia as a predictor of the development of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(4), 558-565. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.107.4.558
Lavigne, G. L., Vallerand, R. J., & Crevier-Braud, L. (2011). The fundamental need to belong: on the distinction between growth and deficit-reduction orientations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(9), 1185-1201. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167211405995
Leifker, F. R., Patterson, T. L., Heaton, R. K., & Harvey, P. D. (2011). Validating measures of real-world outcome: the results of the VALERO expert survey and RAND panel. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 37(2), 334-343. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbp044
Lim, M. H., & Gleeson, J. F. (2014). Social connectedness across the psychosis spectrum: current issues and future directions for interventions in loneliness. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 5, 154. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00154
Lim, M. H., Rodebaugh, T. L., Zyphur, M. J., & Gleeson, J. F. M. (2016). Loneliness over time: The crucial role of social anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(5), 620-630. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000162
Llerena, K., Park, S. G., Couture, S. M., & Blanchard, J. J. (2012). Social anhedonia and affiliation: examining behaviour and subjective reactions within a social interaction. Psychiatry Research, 200(2-3), 679-686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.07.050
Loas, G., Monestes, J. L., Ingelaere, A., Noisette, C., & Herbener, E. S. (2009). Stability and relationships between trait or state anhedonia and schizophrenic symptoms in schizophrenia: a 13-year follow-up study. Psychiatry Research, 166(2-3), 132-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2008.02.010
London, J., & Evans-Lacko, S. E. (2010). Challenging mental health-related stigma through social contact. European Journal of Public Health, 20(2), 130-131. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckq014
Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995a). The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-U
Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995b). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Sydney: Psychology Foundation.
Martin, E. A., Cicero, D. C., Bailey, D. H., Karcher, N. R., & Kerns, J. G. (2015). Social anhedonia is not just extreme introversion: empirical evidence of distinct constructs. Journal of Personality Disorders, 29(4), 451-468. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2015_29_203
Miller, G., Chen, E., & Cole, S. W. (2009). Health psychology: developing biologically plausible models linking the social world and physical health. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 501-524. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163551
Novacek, D. M., Gooding, D. C., & Pflum, M. J. (2016). Hedonic capacity in the broader autism phenotype: should social anhedonia be considered a characteristic feature? Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 666. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00666
Olsen, E. K., Bjorkquist, O. A., Bodapati, A. S., Shankman, S. A., & Herbener, E. S. (2015). Associations between trait anhedonia and emotional memory deficits in females with schizophrenia versus major depression. Psychiatry Research, 230(2), 323-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.09.012
Peplau, L. A., & Perlman, D. (1982). Perspectives on loneliness. In L. A. Peplau & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: a sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy. New York, NY: Wiley-Interscience.
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36(4), 717-731. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03206553
Preacher, K. J., Rucker, D. D., & Hayes, A. F. (2007). Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses: theory, methods, and prescriptions. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42(1), 185-227. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273170701341316
Rehm, J., & Shield, K. D. (2019). Global burden of disease and the impact of mental and additive disorders. Current Psychiatry Reports, 21, 10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-019-0997-0
Renner, F., Cuijpers, P., & Huibers, M. J. H. (2014). The effect of psychotherapy for depression on improvements in social functioning: a meta-analysis. Psychological medicine, 44(14), 2913-2926. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291713003152
Rey, G., Jouvent, R., & Dubal, S. (2009). Schizotypy, depression, and anxiety in physical and social anhedonia. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65(7), 695-708. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20577
Rietschel, L., Lambert, M., Karow, A., Zink, M., Muller, H., Heinz, A., … Bechdolf, A. (2017). Clinical high risk for psychosis: gender differences in symptoms and social functioning. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 11(4), 306-313. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.12240
Ritsner, M. S. (2016). Anhedonia of patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder is attributed to personality-related factors rather than to state-dependent clinical symptoms. Clinical Schizophrenia & Related Psychoses, 9(4), 187-197. https://doi.org/10.3371/CSRP.RI.031513
Roberts, D. L., & Velligan, D. I. (2012). Can social functioning in schizophrenia be improved through targeted social cognitive intervention? Rehabilitation Research and Practice, 2012, 742106. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/742106
Ross, S. R., Lutz, C. J., & Bailley, S. E. (2002). Positive and negative symptoms of schizotypy and the Five-Factor Model: a domain and facet level analysis. Journal of Personality Assessment, 79(1), 53-72. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327752JPA7901_04
Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA loneliness scale: concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality Assessment, 39(3), 472-480. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7431205
Schürhoff, F., Szoke, A., Bellivier, F., Turcas, C., Villemur, M., Tignol, J., … Leboyer, M. (2003). Anhedonia in schizophrenia: a distinct familial subtype? Schizophrenia Research, 61(1), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-9964(02)00237-2
Setterfield, M., Walsh, M., Frey, A. L., & McCabe, C. (2016). Increased social anhedonia and reduced helping behaviour in young people with high depressive symptomatology. Journal of Affective Disorders, 205, 372-377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.020
Spijker, J., Bijl, R. V., De Graaf, R., & Nolen, W. A. (2001). Determinants of poor 1-year outcome of DSM-III-R major depression in the general population: results of the Netherlands mental health survey and incidence study (NEMESIS). Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 103(2), 122-130. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.103002122.x
Strauss, G. P., & Gold, J. M. (2012). A new perspective on anhedonia in schizophrenia. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 169(4), 364-373. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.11030447
Tan, B. L., Lee, S. A., & Lee, J. (2018). Social cognitive interventions for people with schizophrenia: a systematic review. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 35(3), 115-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2016.06.013
Timpano, K. R., Çek, D., Rubenstein, L. M., Murphy, D., & Schmidt, N. B. (2014). Exploring the association between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and loneliness: consideration of specificity and gender. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quaterly, 28(4), 264-273. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.28.4.264
Treadway, M. T., & Zald, D. H. (2011). Reconsidering anhedonia in depression: lessons from translational neuroscience. Neuroscience and Biobehavioural Reviews, 35, 537-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.06.006
Uchino, B. N., Bowen, K., Carlisle, M., & Birmingham, W. (2012). Psychological pathways linking social support to health outcomes: a visit with the ‘ghosts’ of research past, present and future. Social Science & Medicine, 74(7), 949-957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.11.023
Usall, J., Haro, M. J., Araya, S., Moreno, B., Munoz, P. E., Martinez, A., & Salvador, L. (2007). Social functioning in schizophrenia: what is the influence of gender? European Journal of Psychiatry, 21(3), 199-205. https://doi.org/10.4321/S0213-61632007000300004
Vaskinn, A., Sundet, K., Simonsen, C., Hellvin, T., Melle, I., & Andreassen, O. A. (2011). Sex differences in neuropsychological performance and social functioning in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Neuropsychology, 25(4), 499-510. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022677
Velthorst, E., Nieman, D. H., Becker, H. E., van de Fliert, R., Dingermans, P. M., Klaasssen, R., … Linszen, D. H. (2009). Baseline differences in clinical symptomology between ultra-high risk subjects with and without a transition to psychosis. Schizophrenia Research, 109(1-3), 60-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2009.02.002