Exposure to diesel exhaust particles increases susceptibility to invasive pneumococcal disease.
Animals
Bacteremia
Carrier State
Cells, Cultured
Disease Models, Animal
Disease Progression
Disease Susceptibility
Humans
Lung
/ immunology
Macrophages
/ immunology
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Nasopharynx
/ microbiology
Particulate Matter
/ adverse effects
Phagocytosis
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal
/ epidemiology
Risk
Streptococcus pneumoniae
/ physiology
Vehicle Emissions
Streptococcus pneumoniae
particulates
pneumococcal disease
pneumococcus
pneumonia
pollution
Journal
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
ISSN: 1097-6825
Titre abrégé: J Allergy Clin Immunol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 1275002
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 2020
04 2020
Historique:
received:
01
08
2019
revised:
07
11
2019
accepted:
08
11
2019
pubmed:
28
1
2020
medline:
26
1
2021
entrez:
28
1
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The World Health Organization estimates that air pollution is responsible for 7 million deaths per annum, with 7% of these attributable to pneumonia. Many of these fatalities have been linked to exposure to high levels of airborne particulates, such as diesel exhaust particles (DEPs). We sought to determine whether exposure to DEPs could promote the progression of asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae to invasive pneumococcal disease. We used mouse models and in vitro assays to provide a mechanistic understanding of the link between DEP exposure and pneumococcal disease risk, and we confirmed our findings by using induced sputum macrophages isolated from healthy human volunteers. We demonstrate that inhaled exposure to DEPs disrupts asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of S pneumoniae in mice, leading to dissemination to lungs and blood. Pneumococci are transported from the nasopharynx to the lungs following exposure to DEPs, leading to increased proinflammatory cytokine production, reduced phagocytic function of alveolar macrophages, and consequently, increased pneumococcal loads within the lungs and translocation into blood. These findings were confirmed by using DEP-exposed induced sputum macrophages isolated from healthy volunteers, demonstrating that impaired innate immune mechanisms following DEP exposure are also at play in humans. Lung inhaled DEPs increase susceptibility to pneumococcal disease by leading to loss of immunological control of pneumococcal colonisation, increased inflammation, tissue damage, and systemic bacterial dissemination.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The World Health Organization estimates that air pollution is responsible for 7 million deaths per annum, with 7% of these attributable to pneumonia. Many of these fatalities have been linked to exposure to high levels of airborne particulates, such as diesel exhaust particles (DEPs).
OBJECTIVES
We sought to determine whether exposure to DEPs could promote the progression of asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae to invasive pneumococcal disease.
METHODS
We used mouse models and in vitro assays to provide a mechanistic understanding of the link between DEP exposure and pneumococcal disease risk, and we confirmed our findings by using induced sputum macrophages isolated from healthy human volunteers.
RESULTS
We demonstrate that inhaled exposure to DEPs disrupts asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of S pneumoniae in mice, leading to dissemination to lungs and blood. Pneumococci are transported from the nasopharynx to the lungs following exposure to DEPs, leading to increased proinflammatory cytokine production, reduced phagocytic function of alveolar macrophages, and consequently, increased pneumococcal loads within the lungs and translocation into blood. These findings were confirmed by using DEP-exposed induced sputum macrophages isolated from healthy volunteers, demonstrating that impaired innate immune mechanisms following DEP exposure are also at play in humans.
CONCLUSION
Lung inhaled DEPs increase susceptibility to pneumococcal disease by leading to loss of immunological control of pneumococcal colonisation, increased inflammation, tissue damage, and systemic bacterial dissemination.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31983527
pii: S0091-6749(19)31635-5
doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.11.039
pmc: PMC7154500
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Particulate Matter
0
Vehicle Emissions
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1272-1284.e6Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/P011284/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 204457/Z/16/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
Crown Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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