Neurocognitive and Psychiatric Markers for Addiction: Common vs. Specific Endophenotypes for Heroin and Amphetamine Dependence.
Adult
Amphetamine
/ adverse effects
Analysis of Variance
Behavior, Addictive
/ psychology
Cognition
Decision Making
Endophenotypes
/ metabolism
Female
Heroin
/ adverse effects
Humans
Impulsive Behavior
Mental Status and Dementia Tests
Personality Inventory
Risk Assessment
Siblings
/ psychology
Substance-Related Disorders
/ psychology
Addiction
Discordant siblings
Endophenotypes
Externalizing
Impulsivity
Internalizing.
Journal
Current topics in medicinal chemistry
ISSN: 1873-4294
Titre abrégé: Curr Top Med Chem
Pays: United Arab Emirates
ID NLM: 101119673
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
01
12
2019
revised:
05
12
2019
accepted:
12
12
2019
pubmed:
1
2
2020
medline:
9
1
2021
entrez:
1
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The differential utility of neurocognitive impulsivity and externalizing/ internalizing traits as putative endophenotypes for dependence on heroin vs. amphetamine is unclear. This exploratory study aims to determine: (1) whether neurocognitive impulsivity dimensions and externalizing/internalizing traits are correlated between siblings discordant for heroin and amphetamine dependence; and (2) which of these associations are common across substances and which are substance- specific. Pearson correlations between individuals with 'pure' heroin and amphetamine dependence and their unaffected biological siblings (n = 37 heroin sibling pairs; n = 30 amphetamine sibling pairs) were run on 10 neurocognitive measures, 6 externalizing measures, and 5 internalizing measures. Sibling pair effects were further examined using regression. Siblings discordant for heroin dependence were significantly correlated on delay aversion on the Cambridge Gambling Task, risk-taking on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, sensation seeking, and hopelessness. Siblings discordant for amphetamine dependence were significantly correlated on the quality of decision-making on the Cambridge Gambling Task, discriminability on the Immediate Memory Task, commission errors on the Go/No Go Task, trait impulsivity, ADHD and anxiety sensitivity. Dimensions of impulsivity and externalizing/internalizing traits appear to aggregate among siblings discordant for substance dependence. Risk-taking propensity, sensation seeking and hopelessness were specific for heroin sibling pairs. Motor/action impulsivity, trait impulsivity, and anxiety sensitivity were specific to amphetamine sibling pairs. Decisional/choice impulsivity was common across both heroin and amphetamine sibling pairs. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the utility of neurocognitive impulsivity and externalizing/ internalizing traits as candidate endophenotypes for substance dependence in general and for substance-specific dependencies.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The differential utility of neurocognitive impulsivity and externalizing/ internalizing traits as putative endophenotypes for dependence on heroin vs. amphetamine is unclear.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
This exploratory study aims to determine: (1) whether neurocognitive impulsivity dimensions and externalizing/internalizing traits are correlated between siblings discordant for heroin and amphetamine dependence; and (2) which of these associations are common across substances and which are substance- specific.
METHODS
METHODS
Pearson correlations between individuals with 'pure' heroin and amphetamine dependence and their unaffected biological siblings (n = 37 heroin sibling pairs; n = 30 amphetamine sibling pairs) were run on 10 neurocognitive measures, 6 externalizing measures, and 5 internalizing measures. Sibling pair effects were further examined using regression.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Siblings discordant for heroin dependence were significantly correlated on delay aversion on the Cambridge Gambling Task, risk-taking on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, sensation seeking, and hopelessness. Siblings discordant for amphetamine dependence were significantly correlated on the quality of decision-making on the Cambridge Gambling Task, discriminability on the Immediate Memory Task, commission errors on the Go/No Go Task, trait impulsivity, ADHD and anxiety sensitivity.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Dimensions of impulsivity and externalizing/internalizing traits appear to aggregate among siblings discordant for substance dependence. Risk-taking propensity, sensation seeking and hopelessness were specific for heroin sibling pairs. Motor/action impulsivity, trait impulsivity, and anxiety sensitivity were specific to amphetamine sibling pairs. Decisional/choice impulsivity was common across both heroin and amphetamine sibling pairs. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the utility of neurocognitive impulsivity and externalizing/ internalizing traits as candidate endophenotypes for substance dependence in general and for substance-specific dependencies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32003694
pii: CTMC-EPUB-104139
doi: 10.2174/1568026620666200131124608
pmc: PMC8600509
mid: NIHMS1676766
doi:
Substances chimiques
Heroin
70D95007SX
Amphetamine
CK833KGX7E
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
585-597Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA021421
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR002649
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.
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