Secretin release after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass reveals a population of glucose-sensitive S cells in distal small intestine.
Journal
International journal of obesity (2005)
ISSN: 1476-5497
Titre abrégé: Int J Obes (Lond)
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101256108
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2020
09 2020
Historique:
received:
09
10
2019
accepted:
16
01
2020
revised:
17
12
2019
pubmed:
6
2
2020
medline:
15
12
2021
entrez:
5
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Gastrointestinal hormones contribute to the beneficial effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) on glycemic control. Secretin is secreted from duodenal S cells in response to low luminal pH, but it is unknown whether its secretion is altered after RYGB and if secretin contributes to the postoperative improvement in glycemic control. We hypothesized that secretin secretion increases after RYGB as a result of the diversion of nutrients to more distal parts of the small intestine, and thereby affects islet hormone release. A specific secretin radioimmunoassay was developed, evaluated biochemically, and used to quantify plasma concentrations of secretin in 13 obese individuals before, 1 week after, and 3 months after RYGB. Distribution of secretin and its receptor was assessed by RNA sequencing, mass-spectrometry and in situ hybridization in human and rat tissues. Isolated, perfused rat intestine and pancreas were used to explore the molecular mechanism underlying glucose-induced secretin secretion and to study direct effects of secretin on glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin secretion. Secretin was administered alone or in combination with GLP-1 to non-sedated rats to evaluate effects on glucose regulation. Plasma postprandial secretin was more than doubled in humans after RYGB (P < 0.001). The distal small intestine harbored secretin expressing cells in both rats and humans. Glucose increased the secretion of secretin in a sodium-glucose cotransporter dependent manner when administered to the distal part but not into the proximal part of the rat small intestine. Secretin stimulated somatostatin secretion (fold change: 1.59, P < 0.05) from the perfused rat pancreas but affected neither insulin (P = 0.2) nor glucagon (P = 0.97) secretion. When administered to rats in vivo, insulin secretion was attenuated and glucagon secretion increased (P = 0.04), while blood glucose peak time was delayed (from 15 to 45 min) and gastric emptying time prolonged (P = 0.004). Glucose-sensing secretin cells located in the distal part of the small intestine may contribute to increased plasma concentrations observed after RYGB. The metabolic role of the distal S cells warrants further studies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32015474
doi: 10.1038/s41366-020-0541-7
pii: 10.1038/s41366-020-0541-7
pmc: PMC7445113
mid: EMS86324
doi:
Substances chimiques
Glucose
IY9XDZ35W2
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1859-1871Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/M009041/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_UU_00014/5
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 106263
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_UU_12012/3
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_UU_00014/3
Pays : United Kingdom
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