Executive functioning and disinhibited eating in children and adolescents.
child
disinhibited eating
executive functioning
obesity
Journal
Pediatric obesity
ISSN: 2047-6310
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Obes
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101572033
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2020
06 2020
Historique:
received:
27
08
2019
revised:
04
12
2019
accepted:
19
12
2019
pubmed:
11
2
2020
medline:
5
11
2020
entrez:
11
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Executive functioning (EF) difficulties may be associated with problems regulating eating behaviours. Few studies have evaluated this question in youth using diverse measures of EF or objective measures of energy intake. The current study used neuropsychological tasks and a laboratory test meal to evaluate the links between EF and youth's disinhibited eating patterns. Two-hundred-five nontreatment seeking youth (M age = 13.1 ± 2.8 years; M BMIz = 0.6 ± 1.0; 33.2% overweight; 54.1% female) completed tasks measuring decision making, general and food-specific behavioural disinhibition, willingness to delay gratification for food and money, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. Age (children vs adolescents) was examined as a moderator. All analyses adjusted for demographic factors, pubertal status, lean mass (kg), fat mass (%), height, general intellectual functioning, and depressive symptoms. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, more general behavioural disinhibition was associated with greater total energy intake (P = .02), and poorer cognitive flexibility was associated with more fat intake (P = .03) across all ages. Poorer decision making in children (P = .04), but not adolescents (P = .24), was associated with greater fat intake. Food-specific behavioural disinhibition, the ability to delay gratification for both food and monetary rewards, and working memory were not significantly associated with youth's disinhibited eating patterns during a single meal. Most domains of EF were not associated with youth's disinhibited eating. Significant associations may highlight the need to target specific cognitive processes, particularly behavioural disinhibition, decision making, and cognitive flexibility, in potential intervention strategies for children's disinhibited eating.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Executive functioning (EF) difficulties may be associated with problems regulating eating behaviours. Few studies have evaluated this question in youth using diverse measures of EF or objective measures of energy intake.
METHODS
The current study used neuropsychological tasks and a laboratory test meal to evaluate the links between EF and youth's disinhibited eating patterns. Two-hundred-five nontreatment seeking youth (M age = 13.1 ± 2.8 years; M BMIz = 0.6 ± 1.0; 33.2% overweight; 54.1% female) completed tasks measuring decision making, general and food-specific behavioural disinhibition, willingness to delay gratification for food and money, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. Age (children vs adolescents) was examined as a moderator. All analyses adjusted for demographic factors, pubertal status, lean mass (kg), fat mass (%), height, general intellectual functioning, and depressive symptoms.
RESULTS
After adjusting for multiple comparisons, more general behavioural disinhibition was associated with greater total energy intake (P = .02), and poorer cognitive flexibility was associated with more fat intake (P = .03) across all ages. Poorer decision making in children (P = .04), but not adolescents (P = .24), was associated with greater fat intake. Food-specific behavioural disinhibition, the ability to delay gratification for both food and monetary rewards, and working memory were not significantly associated with youth's disinhibited eating patterns during a single meal.
CONCLUSIONS
Most domains of EF were not associated with youth's disinhibited eating. Significant associations may highlight the need to target specific cognitive processes, particularly behavioural disinhibition, decision making, and cognitive flexibility, in potential intervention strategies for children's disinhibited eating.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32037740
doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12614
pmc: PMC7202977
mid: NIHMS1547015
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e12614Subventions
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : 1F32HD082982
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : F32 HD082982
Pays : United States
Organisme : Intramural NIH HHS
ID : ZIA-HD00641
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : F31 MH119762
Pays : United States
Organisme : Intramural NIH HHS
ID : ZIA HD000641-23
Pays : United States
Organisme : Intramural NIH HHS
ID : Z99 HD999999
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2020 World Obesity Federation.
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