Lipids in Parenteral Nutrition: Biological Aspects.
fatty acids
fish oil
immunomodulation
inflammation
lipids
omega-3 fatty acids
parenteral nutrition
soybean oil
specialized pro-resolving mediator
Journal
JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
ISSN: 1941-2444
Titre abrégé: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7804134
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2020
02 2020
Historique:
received:
09
07
2019
revised:
03
11
2019
accepted:
11
11
2019
entrez:
13
2
2020
pubmed:
13
2
2020
medline:
4
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Lipid emulsions are an integral part of parenteral nutrition, and traditionally have been regarded as an energy-dense source of calories and essential fatty acids. For many years, lipids used in parenteral nutrition have been based on vegetable oils (eg, soybean-oil emulsions). However, soybean-oil emulsions may not have an optimal fatty-acid composition under some circumstances when used as the only lipid source, as soybean oil is particularly abundant in the ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), linoleic acid. Hence, a progressive series of more complex lipid emulsions have been introduced, typically combining soybean oil with 1 or more alternative oils, such as medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and/or olive oil and/or fish oil. The wide range of lipid emulsions now available for parenteral nutrition offers opportunities to alter the supply of different fatty acids, which potentially modifies functional properties, with effects on inflammatory processes, immune response, and hepatic metabolism. Fish oil has become an important component of modern, composite lipid emulsions, in part owing to a growing evidence base concerning its biological effects in a variety of preclinical models. These biological activities of fish oil are mainly attributed to its ω-3 PUFA content, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). DHA and EPA have known mechanisms of action, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidative properties. Specialized proresolving mediators, such as resolvins, protectins, and maresins, are synthesized directly from DHA and EPA, are key for the resolution of inflammation, and improve outcomes in many cell- and animal-based models and, recently, in some clinical settings.
Substances chimiques
Fat Emulsions, Intravenous
0
Fatty Acids, Omega-6
0
Fish Oils
0
Olive Oil
0
Soybean Oil
8001-22-7
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
S21-S27Informations de copyright
© 2020 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.
Références
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