Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin: From mechanism to targeted anti-toxin therapeutics.
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
LFA-1
leukotoxin
repeats-in-toxin
Journal
Molecular oral microbiology
ISSN: 2041-1014
Titre abrégé: Mol Oral Microbiol
Pays: Denmark
ID NLM: 101524770
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2020
06 2020
Historique:
received:
25
11
2019
revised:
12
02
2020
accepted:
13
02
2020
pubmed:
16
2
2020
medline:
11
11
2020
entrez:
16
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with localized aggressive periodontitis, as well as other systemic diseases. This organism produces a number of virulence factors, all of which provide some advantage to the bacterium. Several studies have demonstrated that clinical isolates from diseased patients, particularly those of African descent, frequently belong to specific clones of A. actinomycetemcomitans that produce significantly higher amounts of a protein exotoxin belonging to the repeats-in-toxin (RTX) family, leukotoxin (LtxA), whereas isolates from healthy patients harbor minimally leukotoxic strains. This finding suggests that LtxA might play a key role in A. actinomycetemcomitans pathogenicity. Because of this correlation, much work over the past 30 years has been focused on understanding the mechanisms by which LtxA interacts with and kills host cells. In this article, we review those findings, highlight the remaining open questions, and demonstrate how knowledge of these mechanisms, particularly the toxin's interactions with lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) and cholesterol, enables the design of targeted anti-LtxA strategies to prevent/treat disease.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32061022
doi: 10.1111/omi.12284
pmc: PMC7359886
mid: NIHMS1606763
doi:
Substances chimiques
Exotoxins
0
Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1
0
Virulence Factors
0
leukotoxin
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
85-105Subventions
Organisme : NIDCR NIH HHS
ID : F32 DE026962
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDCR NIH HHS
ID : R03 DE025275
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDCR NIH HHS
ID : R21 DE027769
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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