Organophosphate pesticide exposure in children in Israel: Dietary associations and implications for risk assessment.
Biomonitoring
Dialkyl phosphates
Insecticides
Organophosphate pesticides
Risk assessment
Journal
Environmental research
ISSN: 1096-0953
Titre abrégé: Environ Res
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 0147621
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2020
03 2020
Historique:
received:
14
05
2019
revised:
09
09
2019
accepted:
10
09
2019
entrez:
20
2
2020
pubmed:
20
2
2020
medline:
10
9
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Human biomonitoring (HBM) data is increasingly being compared to risk-based screening values to assess human health risk. However, as screening values have not been established for assessing biomarker concentrations of organophosphate (OP) pesticide metabolites, there are few studies using HBM data on urinary OP concentrations to assess human health risk. The purpose of the current study was to measure OP exposure in a sample of children in Israel; to explore associations between dietary patterns and OP exposure; and to assess risk of OP pesticides using urinary metabolite concentrations. We recruited 103 children in Israel and collected demographic and dietary data and urinary samples, and measured creatinine and dialkyl phosphate (DAP) concentrations. We compared urinary DAP concentrations to international populations and analysed associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and urinary DAP concentrations. Using urinary DAP concentrations, we calculated estimated daily intakes (EDI) of OP pesticides in each child and compared those to the acceptable daily intake (ADI). Concentrations of several dialkyl phosphate metabolites (dimethylphosphate (DMP) and dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP)) were higher in our study population of Israeli children (geometric mean concentrations of DMP and DMTP were 6.6 μg/L and 7.6 μg/L, respectively) compared to children in the US, Canada, Spain, and Denmark. We found positive correlations between total fruit consumption and creatinine adjusted log transformed urinary DMP, DMTP, diethylthiophopshate (DETP), total dimethyl (DM) and total DAP concentrations (p < 0.05), positive correlations between cucumber consumption and diethylphosphate (DEP), DETP and diethyl (DE) concentrations (p < 0.05), and positive correlations between apple consumption and DETP concentrations (p = 0.02). Based on urinary DAP concentrations, we found that a portion of the children in our study had EDIs above the ADI, ranging from 2.9% to 79.4% of the children, depending on the active OP ingredient. We found that Israeli children in our study are widely exposed to OP pesticides; that levels of dimethyl metabolites were high compared to other international populations; and that fruit consumption was associated with higher urinary DAP levels. Using urinary DAP concentration data, we found that a portion of the children in our study may be exposed to OP pesticides at levels above those considered safe.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Human biomonitoring (HBM) data is increasingly being compared to risk-based screening values to assess human health risk. However, as screening values have not been established for assessing biomarker concentrations of organophosphate (OP) pesticide metabolites, there are few studies using HBM data on urinary OP concentrations to assess human health risk. The purpose of the current study was to measure OP exposure in a sample of children in Israel; to explore associations between dietary patterns and OP exposure; and to assess risk of OP pesticides using urinary metabolite concentrations.
METHODS
We recruited 103 children in Israel and collected demographic and dietary data and urinary samples, and measured creatinine and dialkyl phosphate (DAP) concentrations. We compared urinary DAP concentrations to international populations and analysed associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and urinary DAP concentrations. Using urinary DAP concentrations, we calculated estimated daily intakes (EDI) of OP pesticides in each child and compared those to the acceptable daily intake (ADI).
RESULTS
Concentrations of several dialkyl phosphate metabolites (dimethylphosphate (DMP) and dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP)) were higher in our study population of Israeli children (geometric mean concentrations of DMP and DMTP were 6.6 μg/L and 7.6 μg/L, respectively) compared to children in the US, Canada, Spain, and Denmark. We found positive correlations between total fruit consumption and creatinine adjusted log transformed urinary DMP, DMTP, diethylthiophopshate (DETP), total dimethyl (DM) and total DAP concentrations (p < 0.05), positive correlations between cucumber consumption and diethylphosphate (DEP), DETP and diethyl (DE) concentrations (p < 0.05), and positive correlations between apple consumption and DETP concentrations (p = 0.02). Based on urinary DAP concentrations, we found that a portion of the children in our study had EDIs above the ADI, ranging from 2.9% to 79.4% of the children, depending on the active OP ingredient.
CONCLUSIONS
We found that Israeli children in our study are widely exposed to OP pesticides; that levels of dimethyl metabolites were high compared to other international populations; and that fruit consumption was associated with higher urinary DAP levels. Using urinary DAP concentration data, we found that a portion of the children in our study may be exposed to OP pesticides at levels above those considered safe.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32069760
pii: S0013-9351(19)30536-5
doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108739
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Organophosphates
0
Organophosphorus Compounds
0
Pesticides
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
108739Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.