Myocardial longitudinal strain, fitness, and heart failure risk factors in young adults.
2-D echo
exercise tolerance
heart failure
left ventricular function
obesity
strain
Journal
Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)
ISSN: 1540-8175
Titre abrégé: Echocardiography
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8511187
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2020
03 2020
Historique:
received:
25
12
2019
accepted:
24
01
2020
pubmed:
23
2
2020
medline:
29
5
2021
entrez:
21
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
To investigate the relationship between fitness, heart failure (HF) risk factors (age, blood pressure, and obesity), and global/regional myocardial longitudinal strain in young adults undergoing stress testing. Individuals 25-55 years old without any significant medical history, not taking medications, and with a normal maximal stress echocardiogram were eligible. Global and regional longitudinal strain (LS) was evaluated by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography. One hundred and seventy patients were included, of which 60% were males. The mean age was 43 years old, 49% had optimal blood pressure, and 30% were obese. On average, patients achieved 10.5 (3) METS, and the global LS was -19.9 (3.1) %. Reduced fitness was associated with decreased global longitudinal strain (GLS). Those in the top GLS quartile walked on average 1 minute and 21 seconds longer compared with the lowest quartile (P < .001). The effect of fitness on LS was preferential to the mid and apex, such that there was an apex-to-base gradient. Obesity was also independently associated with reduced GLS. However, the reduction in LS in obese individuals was more prominent at the base and mid-walls with relative sparing of the apex. Similar to fitness, aging was also associated with an increase in the apex-to-base gradient of LS. Furthermore, diastolic filling parameters correlated distinctively with regional LS. In young adults without cardiovascular disease, low fitness and obesity are independently associated with reduced left ventricular longitudinal strain. There is a differential effect of HF risk factors on regional longitudinal function.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
404-411Informations de copyright
© 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Références
Carlsson M, Ugander M, Heiberg E, et al. The quantitative relationship between longitudinal and radial function in left, right, and total heart pumping in humans. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007;293:H636-H644.
Stokke TM, Hasselberg NE, Smedsrud MK, et al. Geometry as a confounder when assessing ventricular systolic function: comparison between ejection fraction and strain. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70:942-954.
Buckberg G, Hoffman JI, Mahajan A, et al. Cardiac mechanics revisited: the relationship of cardiac architecture to ventricular function. Circulation. 2008;118:2571-2587.
Thomas JD, Popović ZB. Assessment of left ventricular function by cardiac ultrasound. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:2012-2025.
Opdahl A, Remme EW, Helle-Valle T, et al. Determinants of left ventricular early-diastolic lengthening velocity: independent contributions from left ventricular relaxation, restoring forces, and lengthening load. Circulation. 2009;119:2578-2586.
Greenbaum RA, Ho SY, Gibson DG, et al. Left ventricular fibrearchitecture in man. Br Heart J. 1981;45(3):248-263.
Maciver DH. The relative impact of circumferential and longitudinal shortening on left ventricular ejection fraction and stroke volume. Exp Clin Cardiol. 2012;17:5-11.
Jurcut R, Wildiers H, Ganame J, et al. Strain rate imaging detects early cardiac effects of pegylated liposomal Doxorubicin as adjuvant therapy in elderly patients with breast cancer. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2008;21:1283-1289.
Lakdawala NK, Thune JJ, Colan SD, et al. Subtle abnormalities in contractile function are an early manifestation of sarcomere mutations in dilated cardiomyopathy. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2012;5:503-510.
Sun JP, Lee AP, Wu C, et al. Quantification of left ventricular regional myocardial function using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in healthy volunteers-a multi-center study. Int J Cardiol. 2013;167:495-501.
Kocabay G, Muraru D, Peluso D, et al. Normal left ventricular mechanics by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. Reference values in healthy adults. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2014;67:651-658.
Yingchoncharoen T, Agarwal S, Popović ZB, et al. Normal ranges of left ventricular strain: a meta-analysis. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013;26:185-191.
Kaku K, Takeuchi M, Tsang W, et al. Age-related normal range of left ventricular strain and torsion using three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2014;27:55-64.
Menting ME, McGhie JS, Koopman LP, et al. Normal myocardial strain values using 2D speckle tracking echocardiography in healthy adults aged 20 to 72 years. Echocardiography. 2016;33:1665-1675.
Cheng S, Larson MG, McCabe EL, et al. Age- and sex-based reference limits and clinical correlates of myocardial strain and synchrony: the Framingham HeartStudy. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6:692-699.
Pandey A, Garg S, Khunger M, et al. Dose-response relationship between physical activity and risk of heart failure: a meta-analysis. Circulation. 2015;132:1786-1794.
Mora S, Cook N, Buring JE, et al. Physical activity and reduced risk of cardiovascular events: potential mediating mechanisms. Circulation. 2007;116:2110-2118.
Schiano-Lomoriello V, Galderisi M, Mele D, et al. Longitudinal strain of left ventricular basal segments and E/e’ ratio differentiate primary cardiac amyloidosis at presentation from hypertensive hypertrophy: an automated function imaging study. Echocardiography. 2016;33:1335-1343.
Voigt J-U, Pedrizzetti G, Lysyansky P, et al. Definitions for a common standard for 2D speckle tracking echocardiography: consensus document of the EACVI/ASE/Industry Task Force to standardize deformation imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;16(1):1-11.
Leitman M, Lysyansky P, Sidenko S, et al. Two-dimensional strain-a novel software for real-time quantitative echocardiographic assessment of myocardial function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2004;17:1021-1029.
Arbab-Zadeh A, Dijk E, Prasad A, et al. Effect of aging and physical activity on left ventricular compliance. Circulation. 2004;110:1799-1805.
Galderisi M, Lomoriello VS, Santoro A, et al. Differences of systolic myocardial deformation and correlates of diastolic function in competitive rowers and young hypertensives: a speckle-tracking echocardiography study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010;23:1190-1198.
Caselli S, Montesanti D, Autore C, et al. Patterns of left ventricular longitudinal strain and strain rate in Olympic athletes. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015;28:245-253.
Szauder I, Kovács A, Pavlik G. Comparison of left ventricular mechanics in runners versus bodybuilders using speckle tracking echocardiography. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2015;13:7.
Schattke S, Xing Y, Lock J, et al. Increased longitudinal contractility and diastolic function at rest in well-trained amateur Marathon runners: a speckle tracking echocardiography study. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2014;12:11.
Nishimura RA, Tajik J. Evaluation of diastolic filling of left ventricle in health and disease: Doppler echocardiography is the clinician’s Rosetta stone. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;30:8-18.
Ebong IA, Goff DC, Rodriguez CJ, et al. Mechanisms of heart failure in obesity. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2014;8:e540-e548.
Dalen H, Thorstensen A, Aase SA, et al. Segmental and global longitudinal strain and strain rate based on echocardiography of 1266 healthy individuals: the HUNT study in Norway. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2010;11:176-183.
Marwick TH, Leano RL, Brown J, et al. Myocardial strain measurement with 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography: definition of normal range. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2:80-84.
Myers J, Prakash M, Froelicher V, et al. Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(11):793-801.