Differential DNA methylation of vocal and facial anatomy genes in modern humans.
Adult
Aged
Animals
Cells, Cultured
Child
Chondrocytes
DNA Methylation
DNA, Ancient
Evolution, Molecular
Face
/ anatomy & histology
Female
Gene Regulatory Networks
Genetic Speciation
Humans
Larynx
/ anatomy & histology
Male
Middle Aged
Neanderthals
/ genetics
Pan troglodytes
/ genetics
Phenotype
Phonation
/ genetics
Primary Cell Culture
Tongue
/ anatomy & histology
Vocal Cords
/ anatomy & histology
Vocalization, Animal
Journal
Nature communications
ISSN: 2041-1723
Titre abrégé: Nat Commun
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101528555
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 03 2020
04 03 2020
Historique:
received:
25
02
2019
accepted:
13
02
2020
entrez:
6
3
2020
pubmed:
7
3
2020
medline:
27
6
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Changes in potential regulatory elements are thought to be key drivers of phenotypic divergence. However, identifying changes to regulatory elements that underlie human-specific traits has proven very challenging. Here, we use 63 reconstructed and experimentally measured DNA methylation maps of ancient and present-day humans, as well as of six chimpanzees, to detect differentially methylated regions that likely emerged in modern humans after the split from Neanderthals and Denisovans. We show that genes associated with face and vocal tract anatomy went through particularly extensive methylation changes. Specifically, we identify widespread hypermethylation in a network of face- and voice-associated genes (SOX9, ACAN, COL2A1, NFIX and XYLT1). We propose that these repression patterns appeared after the split from Neanderthals and Denisovans, and that they might have played a key role in shaping the modern human face and vocal tract.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32132541
doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15020-6
pii: 10.1038/s41467-020-15020-6
pmc: PMC7055320
doi:
Substances chimiques
DNA, Ancient
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1189Subventions
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : P51 OD011133
Pays : United States
Organisme : Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : U01 MH106874
Pays : United States
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