Alcohol stigma as it relates to drinking behaviors and perceptions of drink drivers: A mixed method study in Moshi, Tanzania.
Tanzania
alcohol
drink driving
stigma
Journal
Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)
ISSN: 1873-6823
Titre abrégé: Alcohol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8502311
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2020
11 2020
Historique:
received:
27
06
2018
revised:
09
03
2020
accepted:
17
04
2020
pubmed:
26
4
2020
medline:
16
9
2021
entrez:
26
4
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Alcohol is a leading risk factor for road traffic injury in low- and middle-income countries, such as Tanzania. This research seeks to explore the drinking patterns, perceptions, and stigma of drink driving behavior of injury patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center in Moshi, Tanzania. This mixed methods study incorporated the Perceived Alcohol Stigma (PAS), an additive Likert scale, and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Results are reported as medians with IQRs. Additionally, focus groups with injury patients, their families, and community members (n = 104) were conducted and analyzed in pairs using an inductive thematic content analysis approach. Those who self-reported driving after ingesting 3 or more alcoholic drinks had a median AUDIT score (median = 11.0) significantly higher than those who denied drink driving (median = 5.5, p < 0.01). The PAS showed a high overall stigma against those who use alcohol but differed for drink drivers, drinkers, and abstainers (median = 20.8, 23.9, 34.9, p < 0.01). Thematic content analysis highlighted a 'disapproving of drink drivers', that 'problematic drinking is a drinking behavior which negatively affects others', and a 'passiveness toward drinking and drink driving'. Stigma against those who use alcohol is present in Tanzania. Perceived stigma is significantly lower among those who drink drive than those who do not. Overall, there appears to be a community-wide disapproval of drinking and driving, which is coupled with feeling unable to change this risky behavior.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Alcohol is a leading risk factor for road traffic injury in low- and middle-income countries, such as Tanzania. This research seeks to explore the drinking patterns, perceptions, and stigma of drink driving behavior of injury patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center in Moshi, Tanzania.
METHODS
This mixed methods study incorporated the Perceived Alcohol Stigma (PAS), an additive Likert scale, and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Results are reported as medians with IQRs. Additionally, focus groups with injury patients, their families, and community members (n = 104) were conducted and analyzed in pairs using an inductive thematic content analysis approach.
RESULTS
Those who self-reported driving after ingesting 3 or more alcoholic drinks had a median AUDIT score (median = 11.0) significantly higher than those who denied drink driving (median = 5.5, p < 0.01). The PAS showed a high overall stigma against those who use alcohol but differed for drink drivers, drinkers, and abstainers (median = 20.8, 23.9, 34.9, p < 0.01). Thematic content analysis highlighted a 'disapproving of drink drivers', that 'problematic drinking is a drinking behavior which negatively affects others', and a 'passiveness toward drinking and drink driving'.
CONCLUSIONS
Stigma against those who use alcohol is present in Tanzania. Perceived stigma is significantly lower among those who drink drive than those who do not. Overall, there appears to be a community-wide disapproval of drinking and driving, which is coupled with feeling unable to change this risky behavior.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32333948
pii: S0741-8329(20)30210-X
doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.04.005
pmc: PMC7501242
mid: NIHMS1622786
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
73-81Subventions
Organisme : FIC NIH HHS
ID : K01 TW010000
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : L30 AA025227
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that there are no competing interests related to this manuscript.
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