The obesity epidemic in the face of homeostatic body weight regulation: What went wrong and how can it be fixed?
AgRP
Food intake
Hypothalamus
Motivation
Reward
Journal
Physiology & behavior
ISSN: 1873-507X
Titre abrégé: Physiol Behav
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0151504
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 08 2020
01 08 2020
Historique:
received:
05
01
2020
revised:
23
04
2020
accepted:
04
05
2020
pubmed:
19
5
2020
medline:
22
6
2021
entrez:
19
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Ever since the pioneering discoveries in the mid nineteen hundreds, the hypothalamus was recognized as a crucial component of the neural system controlling appetite and energy balance. The new wave of neuron-specific research tools has confirmed this key role of the hypothalamus and has delineated many other brain areas to be part of an expanded neural system sub serving these crucial functions. However, despite significant progress in defining this complex neural circuitry, many questions remain. One of the key questions is why the sophisticated body weight regulatory system is unable to prevent the rampant obesity epidemic we are experiencing. Why are pathologically obese body weight levels defended, and what can we do about it? Here we try to find answers to these questions by 1) reminding the reader that the neural controls of ingestive behavior have evolved in a demanding, restrictive environment and encompass much of the brain's major functions, far beyond the hypothalamus and brainstem, 2) hypothesizing that the current obesogenic environment impinges mainly on a critical pathway linking hypothalamic areas with the motivational and reward systems to produce uncompensated hyperphagia, and 3) proposing adequate strategies for prevention and treatment.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32422162
pii: S0031-9384(20)30273-0
doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112959
pmc: PMC7321883
mid: NIHMS1597300
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
112959Subventions
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : OT2 OD023864
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK047348
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK092587
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK105032
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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