Dietary Supplements for Male Infertility: A Critical Evaluation of Their Composition.
Arginine
/ analysis
Dietary Supplements
/ analysis
Folic Acid
/ analysis
Humans
Infertility, Male
/ therapy
Italy
Male
Meta-Analysis as Topic
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Recommended Dietary Allowances
Selenium
/ analysis
Spermatozoa
/ drug effects
Systematic Reviews as Topic
Treatment Outcome
Ubiquinone
/ analysis
Zinc
/ analysis
fertility
ingredients
male reproduction
semen parameters
supplements
Journal
Nutrients
ISSN: 2072-6643
Titre abrégé: Nutrients
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101521595
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
19 May 2020
19 May 2020
Historique:
received:
17
04
2020
revised:
15
05
2020
accepted:
18
05
2020
entrez:
23
5
2020
pubmed:
23
5
2020
medline:
11
2
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Dietary supplements (DS) represent a possible approach to improve sperm parameters and male fertility. A wide range of DS containing different nutrients is now available. Although many authors demonstrated benefits from some nutrients in the improvement of sperm parameters, their real effectiveness is still under debate. The aim of this study was to critically review the composition of DS using the Italian market as a sample. Active ingredients and their minimal effective daily dose (mED) on sperm parameters were identified through a literature search. Thereafter, we created a formula to classify the expected efficacy of each DS. Considering active ingredients, their concentration and the recommended daily dose, DS were scored into three classes of expected efficacy: higher, lower and none. Twenty-one DS were identified. Most of them had a large number of ingredients, frequently at doses below mED or with undemonstrated efficacy. Zinc was the most common ingredient of DS (70% of products), followed by selenium, arginine, coenzyme Q and folic acid. By applying our scoring system, 9.5% of DS fell in a higher class, 71.4% in a lower class and 19.1% in the class with no expected efficacy. DS marketed in Italy for male infertility frequently includes effective ingredients but also a large number of substances at insufficient doses or with no reported efficacy. Manufacturers and physicians should better consider the scientific evidence on effective ingredients and their doses before formulating and prescribing these products.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32438678
pii: nu12051472
doi: 10.3390/nu12051472
pmc: PMC7284793
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Ubiquinone
1339-63-5
Folic Acid
935E97BOY8
Arginine
94ZLA3W45F
Selenium
H6241UJ22B
Zinc
J41CSQ7QDS
Types de publication
Journal Article
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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