The Effects of Low-Risk Drinking on Neurocognition Among Older Persons Living With HIV as Compared to Those Without HIV.
Aging
Alcohol Drinking
Cognition
Cognitive Aging
Neuropsychology
Journal
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
ISSN: 1530-0277
Titre abrégé: Alcohol Clin Exp Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7707242
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2020
07 2020
Historique:
received:
15
11
2019
accepted:
14
05
2020
pubmed:
26
5
2020
medline:
8
9
2021
entrez:
26
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Heavy alcohol use negatively impacts neurocognition, but some studies report neurocognitive benefits associated with light drinking among HIV-seronegative (HIV-) older persons, suggesting a nonlinear or an inverted "J-shaped" association of alcohol consumption on neurocognition. Alcohol use is common among people with HIV (PWH); however, the association between recent "low-risk" alcohol consumption and neurocognition among PWH is poorly understood. Participants included 310 PWH and 89 HIV- older (≥50 years) adults who reported alcohol abstinence or "low-risk" drinking, defined per the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism criteria (i.e., ≥15 drinks/wk or ≥5 drinks/d for men; ≥8 drinks/wk or ≥4 drinks/d for women). Neurocognition was measured using global and domain-specific demographically corrected T-scores. Multiple linear regressions examined the interaction between total drinks in the last 30 days (linear and quadratic terms) and HIV serostatus on neurocognition, covarying for age, sex, lifetime major depressive disorder, lifetime nonalcohol substance use disorders, and lifetime alcohol use disorder. Total drinks consumed in the last 30 days did not differ by HIV serostatus (p = 0.202). Among HIV- older adults, quadratic effects of total drinks on neurocognition occurred such that optimal neurocognition (i.e., global function, executive function, learning, delayed recall, and motor skills) was detected at intermediate levels of "low-risk" drinking (~20 to 40 drinks), with poorer performance at the lower and higher ranges of "low-risk" consumption. In PWH, total drinks did not exhibit linear or quadratic associations with neurocognition. In HIV- "low-risk" drinkers, intermediate levels of recent alcohol use were associated with better neurocognition, consistent with the inverted J-shaped association. The same nonlinear effect of recent alcohol consumption on neurocognition was absent in PWH, indicating there may be no beneficial or deleterious effects of low-risk alcohol consumption on neurocognition among PWH. Future research is warranted to examine associations between alcohol consumption and HIV-related biopsychosocial disadvantages that may supersede the neurocognitive benefits of alcohol.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Heavy alcohol use negatively impacts neurocognition, but some studies report neurocognitive benefits associated with light drinking among HIV-seronegative (HIV-) older persons, suggesting a nonlinear or an inverted "J-shaped" association of alcohol consumption on neurocognition. Alcohol use is common among people with HIV (PWH); however, the association between recent "low-risk" alcohol consumption and neurocognition among PWH is poorly understood.
METHODS
Participants included 310 PWH and 89 HIV- older (≥50 years) adults who reported alcohol abstinence or "low-risk" drinking, defined per the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism criteria (i.e., ≥15 drinks/wk or ≥5 drinks/d for men; ≥8 drinks/wk or ≥4 drinks/d for women). Neurocognition was measured using global and domain-specific demographically corrected T-scores. Multiple linear regressions examined the interaction between total drinks in the last 30 days (linear and quadratic terms) and HIV serostatus on neurocognition, covarying for age, sex, lifetime major depressive disorder, lifetime nonalcohol substance use disorders, and lifetime alcohol use disorder.
RESULTS
Total drinks consumed in the last 30 days did not differ by HIV serostatus (p = 0.202). Among HIV- older adults, quadratic effects of total drinks on neurocognition occurred such that optimal neurocognition (i.e., global function, executive function, learning, delayed recall, and motor skills) was detected at intermediate levels of "low-risk" drinking (~20 to 40 drinks), with poorer performance at the lower and higher ranges of "low-risk" consumption. In PWH, total drinks did not exhibit linear or quadratic associations with neurocognition.
CONCLUSIONS
In HIV- "low-risk" drinkers, intermediate levels of recent alcohol use were associated with better neurocognition, consistent with the inverted J-shaped association. The same nonlinear effect of recent alcohol consumption on neurocognition was absent in PWH, indicating there may be no beneficial or deleterious effects of low-risk alcohol consumption on neurocognition among PWH. Future research is warranted to examine associations between alcohol consumption and HIV-related biopsychosocial disadvantages that may supersede the neurocognitive benefits of alcohol.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32449941
doi: 10.1111/acer.14379
pmc: PMC7899090
mid: NIHMS1667988
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1389-1399Subventions
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : F31 AA027198
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : P50 DA026306
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : F31AA027198
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : U24 MH100928
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : U24MH100928
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : P30 MH062512
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : F31 AG064989
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : P30MH062512
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : HHSN2712010000036C
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : T32AA013525
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : HHSN271201000036C
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : P50DA026306
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : T32 AA013525
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2020 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.
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