G3 and G9 Rotavirus genotypes in waste water circulation from two major metropolitan cities of Pakistan.
Antigens, Viral
/ genetics
Capsid Proteins
/ genetics
Cities
Climate
Diarrhea
/ virology
Gastroenteritis
/ epidemiology
Humans
Pakistan
/ epidemiology
RNA, Viral
/ analysis
Rivers
/ virology
Rotavirus
/ genetics
Rotavirus Infections
/ epidemiology
Viral Load
Wastewater
/ virology
Water Pollution
/ adverse effects
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
26 05 2020
26 05 2020
Historique:
received:
27
10
2019
accepted:
02
04
2020
entrez:
28
5
2020
pubmed:
28
5
2020
medline:
15
12
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Rotavirus A (RVA) is a diarrheal pathogen affecting children under age five, particularly in developing and underdeveloped regions of the world due to malnutrition, poor healthcare and hygienic conditions. Water and food contamination are found to be major sources of diarrheal outbreaks. Pakistan is one of the countries with high RVA related diarrhea burden but with insufficient surveillance system. The aim of this study was to gauge the RVA contamination of major open sewerage collecting streams and household water supplies in two major metropolitan cities of Pakistan. Three concentration methods were compared using RNA purity and concentration as parameters, and detection efficiency of the selected method was estimated. Water samples were collected from 21 sites in Islamabad and Rawalpindi in two phases during the year 2014-2015. Meteorological conditions were recorded for each sampling day and site from Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD). Nested PCR was used to detect the presence of RVA in samples targeting the VP7 gene. Logistic regression was applied to assess the association of weather conditions with RVA persistence in water bodies. Statistical analysis hinted at a temporal and seasonal pattern of RVA detection in water. Phylogenetic analysis of selected isolates showed a close association of environmental strains with clinical RVA isolates from hospitalized children with acute diarrhea during the same period. This is the first scientific report cataloging the circulating RVA strains in environmental samples from the region. The study highlights the hazards of releasing untreated sewerage containing potentially infectious viral particles into collecting streams, which could become a reservoir of multiple pathogens and a risk to exposed communities. Moreover, routine testing of these water bodies can present an effective surveillance system of circulating viral strains in the population.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32457481
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65583-z
pii: 10.1038/s41598-020-65583-z
pmc: PMC7251132
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antigens, Viral
0
Capsid Proteins
0
RNA, Viral
0
VP7 protein, Rotavirus
0
Waste Water
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
8665Références
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