The yield of community-based tuberculosis and HIV among key populations in hotspot settings of Ethiopia: A cross-sectional implementation study.
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Child
Child, Preschool
Cross-Sectional Studies
Emigrants and Immigrants
Ethiopia
/ epidemiology
Female
HIV Infections
/ epidemiology
HIV-1
Health Education
Health Personnel
Ill-Housed Persons
Humans
Implementation Science
Male
Mass Screening
Middle Aged
Prevalence
Prisoners
Sex Workers
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
/ epidemiology
Young Adult
Journal
PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
Titre abrégé: PLoS One
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101285081
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
19
01
2020
accepted:
11
05
2020
entrez:
30
5
2020
pubmed:
30
5
2020
medline:
10
9
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
To determine the yield of tuberculosis (TB) and the prevalence of Human Immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) among key populations in the selected hotspot towns of Ethiopia. We undertook a cross-sectional implementation research during August 2017-January 2018. Trained TB focal persons and health extension workers (HEWs) identified female sex workers (FSWs), health care workers (HCWs), prison inmates, homeless, internally displaced people (IDPs), internal migratory workers (IMWs) and residents in missionary charities as key and vulnerable popuaiton. They carried out health education on the importance of TB screening and HIV testing prior to recruitment of the study participants. Symptomatic TB screening and HIV testing was done. The yield of TB was computed per 100,000 background key population. A total of 1878 vulnerable people were screened, out of which 726 (38.7%) presumptive TB cases and 87 (4.6%) TB cases were identified. The yield of TB was 1519 (95% CI: 1218.1-1869.9). The highest proportion (19.5%) and yield of TB case (6,286 (95% CI: 3980.8-9362.3)) was among HCWs. The prevalence of HIV infection was 6%, 67 out of 1,111 tested. IMWs and FSWs represented 49.3% (33) and 28.4% (13) of the HIV infections, respectively. There was a statistically significant association of active TB cases with previous history of TB (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 11 95% CI, 4.06-29.81), HIV infection (AOR: 7.7 95% CI, 2.24-26.40), and being a HCW (AOR: 2.42 95% CI, 1.09-5.34). The prevalence of TB in key populations was nine times higher than 164/100,000 national estimated prevalence rate. The prevalence of HIV was five times higher than 1.15% of the national survey. The highest yield of TB was among the HCWs and the high HIV burden was detected among the FSWs and IMWs. These suggest a community and health facility based integrated and enhanced case finding approaches for TB and HIV in hotspot settings.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32469997
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233730
pii: PONE-D-20-01766
pmc: PMC7259557
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0233730Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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