Computed tomography sheds new light on the affinities of the enigmatic euarthropod Jianshania furcatus from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota.
Computed tomography
Euarthropoda
Exceptional preservation
Fuxianhuiid
Konservat-Lagerstätte
Pyritization
Journal
BMC evolutionary biology
ISSN: 1471-2148
Titre abrégé: BMC Evol Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100966975
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 06 2020
01 06 2020
Historique:
received:
04
03
2020
accepted:
11
05
2020
entrez:
4
6
2020
pubmed:
4
6
2020
medline:
26
9
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The Chengjiang biota is one of the most species-rich Cambrian Konservat-Lagerstätten, and preserves a community dominated by non-biomineralized euarthropods. However, several Chengjiang euarthropods have an unfamiliar morphology, are extremely rare, or incompletely preserved. We employed micro-computed tomography to restudy the enigmatic euarthropod Jianshania furcatus. We reveal new morphological details, and demonstrate that the specimens assigned to this species represent two different taxa. The holotype of J. furcatus features a head shield with paired anterolateral notches, stalked lateral eyes, and an articulated tailspine with a bifurcate termination. The other specimen is formally redescribed as Xiaocaris luoi gen. et sp. nov., and is characterized by stalked eyes connected to an anterior sclerite, a subtrapezoidal head shield covering three small segments with reduced tergites, a trunk with 15 overlapping tergites with a well-developed dorsal keel, and paired tail flukes. The presence of antennae, biramous appendages with endopods composed of 15 articles, and multiple appendage pairs associated with the trunk tergites identify X. luoi nov. as a representative of Fuxianhuiida, an early branching group of stem-group euarthropods endemic to the early Cambrian of Southwest China. X. luoi nov. represents the fifth fuxianhuiid species described from the Chengjiang biota, and its functional morphology illuminates the ecological diversity of this important clade for understanding the early evolutionary history of euarthropods.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The Chengjiang biota is one of the most species-rich Cambrian Konservat-Lagerstätten, and preserves a community dominated by non-biomineralized euarthropods. However, several Chengjiang euarthropods have an unfamiliar morphology, are extremely rare, or incompletely preserved.
RESULTS
We employed micro-computed tomography to restudy the enigmatic euarthropod Jianshania furcatus. We reveal new morphological details, and demonstrate that the specimens assigned to this species represent two different taxa. The holotype of J. furcatus features a head shield with paired anterolateral notches, stalked lateral eyes, and an articulated tailspine with a bifurcate termination. The other specimen is formally redescribed as Xiaocaris luoi gen. et sp. nov., and is characterized by stalked eyes connected to an anterior sclerite, a subtrapezoidal head shield covering three small segments with reduced tergites, a trunk with 15 overlapping tergites with a well-developed dorsal keel, and paired tail flukes.
CONCLUSIONS
The presence of antennae, biramous appendages with endopods composed of 15 articles, and multiple appendage pairs associated with the trunk tergites identify X. luoi nov. as a representative of Fuxianhuiida, an early branching group of stem-group euarthropods endemic to the early Cambrian of Southwest China. X. luoi nov. represents the fifth fuxianhuiid species described from the Chengjiang biota, and its functional morphology illuminates the ecological diversity of this important clade for understanding the early evolutionary history of euarthropods.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32487135
doi: 10.1186/s12862-020-01625-4
pii: 10.1186/s12862-020-01625-4
pmc: PMC7268425
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
62Subventions
Organisme : Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province
ID : 2019DG050
Pays : International
Organisme : Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province
ID : 2018FA025
Pays : International
Organisme : Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province
ID : 2018IA073
Pays : International
Organisme : Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province
ID : 2015HA021
Pays : International
Organisme : National Natural Science Foundation of China
ID : 41861134032
Pays : International
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