Clinical manifestations of children with COVID-19: A systematic review.
Adolescent
Betacoronavirus
COVID-19
COVID-19 Testing
Child
Child, Preschool
Clinical Laboratory Techniques
Coronavirus Infections
/ diagnosis
Cough
/ etiology
Erythema
/ etiology
Female
Fever
/ etiology
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Pandemics
Pneumonia, Viral
/ diagnosis
Prognosis
Respiratory Tract Infections
/ etiology
SARS-CoV-2
Tachycardia
/ etiology
Tachypnea
/ etiology
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Vomiting
/ etiology
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
children
coronavirus
Journal
Pediatric pulmonology
ISSN: 1099-0496
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Pulmonol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8510590
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2020
08 2020
Historique:
received:
07
04
2020
accepted:
01
06
2020
pubmed:
4
6
2020
medline:
6
8
2020
entrez:
4
6
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is an unprecedented global public health challenge, leading to thousands of deaths every day worldwide. Despite the epidemiological importance, clinical patterns of children with COVID-19 remain unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, laboratorial, and radiological characteristics of children with COVID-19. The Medline database was searched between December 1st 2019 and April 6th 2020. No language restrictions were applied. Inclusion criteria were (a) studied patients younger than 18 years old; (b) presented original data from cases of COVID-19 confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction; and (c) contained descriptions of clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, or radiological examinations. A total of 38 studies (1124 cases) were included. From all the cases, 1117 had their severity classified: 14.2% were asymptomatic, 36.3% were mild, 46.0% were moderate, 2.1% were severe, and 1.2% were critical. The most prevalent symptom was fever (47.5%), followed by cough (41.5%), nasal symptoms (11.2%), diarrhea (8.1%), and nausea/vomiting (7.1%). One hundred forty-five (36.9%) children were diagnosed with pneumonia and 43 (10.9%) upper airway infections were reported. Reduced lymphocyte count was reported in 12.9% of cases. Abnormalities in computed tomography were reported in 63.0% of cases. The most prevalent abnormalities reported were ground-glass opacities, patchy shadows, and consolidations. Only one death was reported. Clinical manifestations of children with COVID-19 differ widely from adult cases. Fever and respiratory symptoms should not be considered a hallmark of COVID-19 in children.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is an unprecedented global public health challenge, leading to thousands of deaths every day worldwide. Despite the epidemiological importance, clinical patterns of children with COVID-19 remain unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, laboratorial, and radiological characteristics of children with COVID-19.
METHODS
The Medline database was searched between December 1st 2019 and April 6th 2020. No language restrictions were applied. Inclusion criteria were (a) studied patients younger than 18 years old; (b) presented original data from cases of COVID-19 confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction; and (c) contained descriptions of clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, or radiological examinations.
RESULTS
A total of 38 studies (1124 cases) were included. From all the cases, 1117 had their severity classified: 14.2% were asymptomatic, 36.3% were mild, 46.0% were moderate, 2.1% were severe, and 1.2% were critical. The most prevalent symptom was fever (47.5%), followed by cough (41.5%), nasal symptoms (11.2%), diarrhea (8.1%), and nausea/vomiting (7.1%). One hundred forty-five (36.9%) children were diagnosed with pneumonia and 43 (10.9%) upper airway infections were reported. Reduced lymphocyte count was reported in 12.9% of cases. Abnormalities in computed tomography were reported in 63.0% of cases. The most prevalent abnormalities reported were ground-glass opacities, patchy shadows, and consolidations. Only one death was reported.
CONCLUSIONS
Clinical manifestations of children with COVID-19 differ widely from adult cases. Fever and respiratory symptoms should not be considered a hallmark of COVID-19 in children.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32492251
doi: 10.1002/ppul.24885
pmc: PMC7300659
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1892-1899Informations de copyright
© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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