New Japanese Regulatory Frameworks for Post-Marketing Management of Pharmaceutical Products.

Dossiers on approved pharmaceutical products must be kept updated and current during the products' life cycles. The coalition, merger and acquisition along with corporate strategy that pursues efficiency and profitability of pharmaceutical companies have led to the globalization of supply chains for pharmaceutical ingredients and instruments in the post-marketing phase, and progress in manufacturing technologies can improve manufacturing processes during this phase. Regulatory requirements for post-marketing management of pharmaceutical products sometimes differ among countries around the world depending on national/regional policies or situations, even though the basic concepts of each regulation are the same. Therefore, an understanding of up-to-date region specific regulatory management frameworks is important for the optimal provision of pharmaceutical products by pharmaceutical industries. The amendment of the Japanese Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Act (Act No. 63 of 2019) was promulgated in December 2019, and will be enforced from September 2020 onwards. The amended Act sets out regulatory frameworks for post-marketing management systems, including inspection for good manufacturing practice of drugs, quasi-drugs, and gene-, cell-, and tissue-based products; and post-approval change-management protocols. Here, we review these new Japanese post-marketing management frameworks.