Loeffler's Endocarditis and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome.
Journal
Cardiology in review
ISSN: 1538-4683
Titre abrégé: Cardiol Rev
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9304686
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Historique:
pubmed:
11
6
2020
medline:
2
10
2021
entrez:
11
6
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Loeffler's endocarditis and hypereosinophilic syndromes are a unique group of infiltrative disorders characterized by hypereosinophilia, inflammatory thrombotic, and ultimately, fibrotic involvement of the heart leading to multiple complications including valve involvement, thromboembolic phenomena, heart failure. Clinical recognition, comprehensive laboratory and multimodality imaging diagnostic workup, and early initiation of treatment have been shown to slow down the progression and promote remission. This review addresses a detailed analysis of Loeffler's endocarditis and hypereosinophilic syndromes.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32520731
pii: 00045415-202105000-00007
doi: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000324
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
150-155Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Disclosure: The author has no conflicts of interest to report.
Références
Brockington IF, Olsen EG. Eosinophilia and endomyocardial fibrosis. Postgrad Med J. 1972; 48:740–741
Brockington IF, Olsen EGJ. Löffler’s endocarditis and Davies’ endomyocardial fibrosis. Am Heart J. 1973; 85:308–322
Scott ME, Bruce JH. Löffler’s endocarditis. Br Heart J. 1975; 37:534–538
Gotlib J. World Health Organization-defined eosinophilic disorders: 2015 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2015; 90:1077–1089
Gotlib J. World Health Organization-defined eosinophilic disorders: 2017 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2017; 92:1243–1259
Crane MM, Chang CM, Kobayashi MG, et al. Incidence of myeloproliferative hypereosinophilic syndrome in the United States and an estimate of all hypereosinophilic syndrome incidence. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010; 126:179–181
Baltazares-Lipp ME, Soto-González JI, Aboitiz-Rivera CM, et al. Hypereosinophilic syndrome: a case of fatal Löffler endocarditis. Case Rep Cardiol. 2016; 2016:2359532
Ogbogu PU, Bochner BS, Butterfield JH, et al. Hypereosinophilic syndrome: a multicenter, retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and response to therapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009; 124:1319–1325.e3
Bell JA, Jenkins BS, Webb-Peploe MM. Clinical, haemodynamic, and angiographic findings in Löffler’s eosinophilic endocarditis. Br Heart J. 1976; 38:541–548
Wang S, Wang A, Guo B, et al. Löffler endocarditis with multiple cerebral embolism. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014; 23:1709–1712
Rapanotti MC, Caruso R, Ammatuna E, et al. Molecular characterization of paediatric idiopathic hypereosinophilia. Br J Haematol. 2010; 151:440–446
Fauci AS, Harley JB, Roberts WC, et al. NIH conference. The idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Clinical, pathophysiologic, and therapeutic considerations. Ann Intern Med. 1982; 97:78–92
Schooley RT, Flaum MA, Gralnick HR, et al. A clinicopathologic correlation of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. II. Clinical manifestations. Blood. 1981; 58:1021–1026
Ogbogu PU, Rosing DR, Horne MK III. Cardiovascular manifestations of hypereosinophilic syndromes. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2007; 27:457–475
Gao M, Zhang W, Zhao W, et al. Loeffler endocarditis as a rare cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a case report and review of literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018; 97:e0079
Weller PF, Bubley GJ. The idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Blood. 1994; 83:2759–2779
Cools J, DeAngelo DJ, Gotlib J, et al. A tyrosine kinase created by fusion of the PDGFRA and FIP1L1 genes as a therapeutic target of imatinib in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348:1201–1214
Leiferman KM, Gleich GJ, Peters MS. Dermatologic manifestations of the hypereosinophilic syndromes. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2007; 27:415–441
Take M, Sekiguchi M, Hiroe M, et al. Clinical spectrum and endomyocardial biopsy findings in eosinophilic heart disease. Heart Vessels Suppl. 1985; 1:243–249
Mankad R, Bonnichsen C, Mankad S. Hypereosinophilic syndrome: cardiac diagnosis and management. Heart. 2016; 102:100–106
Çetin S, Heper G, Gökhan Vural M, et al. Loeffler endocarditis: silent right ventricular myocardium! Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2016; 128:513–515
Young JD, Peterson CG, Venge P, et al. Mechanism of membrane damage mediated by human eosinophil cationic protein. Nature. 1986; 321:613–616
Tai PC, Ackerman SJ, Spry CJ, et al. Deposits of eosinophil granule proteins in cardiac tissues of patients with eosinophilic endomyocardial disease. Lancet. 1987; 1:643–647
Hoffman M, Monroe DM 3rd. A cell-based model of hemostasis. Thromb Haemost. 2001; 85:958–965
Ruggeri ZM. Platelet interactions with vessel wall components during thrombogenesis. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2006; 36:145–147
Pitini V, Arrigo C, Azzarello D, et al. Serum concentration of cardiac Troponin T in patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome treated with imatinib is predictive of adverse outcomes. Blood. 2003; 102:3456–3457. author reply 3457
Gertz MA. Troponin in hematologic oncology. Leuk Lymphoma. 2008; 49:194–203
Zaky J, Caraang C, Yu R, et al. Elevated troponins and the Churg-Strauss syndrome: a case report. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 10:131–136
Wright BL, Leiferman KM, Gleich GJ. Eosinophil granule protein localization in eosinophilic endomyocardial disease. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365:187–188
Moore PM, Harley JB, Fauci AS. Neurologic dysfunction in the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1985; 102:109–114
Aida L, Parkhutik V, Tembl JI, et al. Embolism and impaired washout: a possible explanation of border zone strokes in hypereosinophilic syndrome. J Neurol Sci. 2013; 325:162–164
Gomes I, Mathur SK, Espenshade BM, et al. Eosinophil-fibroblast interactions induce fibroblast IL-6 secretion and extracellular matrix gene expression: implications in fibrogenesis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005; 116:796–804
Noguchi H, Kephart GM, Colby TV, et al. Tissue eosinophilia and eosinophil degranulation in syndromes associated with fibrosis. Am J Pathol. 1992; 140:521–528
Plastiras SC, Economopoulos N, Kelekis NL, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart in a patient with hypereosinophilic syndrome. Am J Med. 2006; 119:130–132
Alam A, Thampi S, Saba SG, et al. Loeffler endocarditis: a unique presentation of right-sided heart failure due to eosinophil-induced endomyocardial fibrosis. Clin Med Insights Case Rep. 2017; 10:1179547617723643
Kalra DK, Park J, Hemu M, et al. Loeffler endocarditis: a diagnosis made with cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019; 27:70–72
Lofiego C, Ferlito M, Rocchi G, et al. Ventricular remodeling in Loeffler endocarditis: implications for therapeutic decision making. Eur J Heart Fail. 2005; 7:1023–1026
Salanitri GC. Endomyocardial fibrosis and intracardiac thrombus occurring in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005; 184:1432–1433
Hendren WG, Jones EL, Smith MD. Aortic and mitral valve replacement in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg. 1988; 46:570–571
Fuzellier JF, Chapoutot L, Torossian PF, et al. Mitral valve replacement in idiopathic eosinophilic endocarditis without peripheral eosinophilia. J Card Surg. 2005; 20:472–474
Fuzellier JF, Chapoutot L, Torossian PF. Mitral valve repair in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. J Heart Valve Dis. 2004; 13:529–531
Watanabe K, Tournilhac O, Camilleri LF. Recurrent thrombosis of prosthetic mitral valve in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. J Heart Valve Dis. 2002; 11:447–449
Radford DJ, Garlick RB, Pohlner PG. Multiple valvar replacements for hypereosinophilic syndrome. Cardiol Young. 2002; 12:67–70
Al Ali AM, Straatman LP, Allard MF, et al. Eosinophilic myocarditis: case series and review of literature. Can J Cardiol. 2006; 22:1233–1237
Rothenberg ME. Eosinophilia. N Engl J Med. 1998; 338:1592–1600
Campo E, Swerdlow SH, Harris NL, et al. The 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms and beyond: evolving concepts and practical applications. Blood. 2011; 117:5019–5032
Arber DA, Orazi A, Hasserjian R, et al. The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia. Blood. 2016; 127:2391–2405
Valent P, Klion AD, Horny HP, et al. Contemporary consensus proposal on criteria and classification of eosinophilic disorders and related syndromes. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012; 130:607–612.e9
Weller PF, Bubley GJ. The idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Blood. 1994; 83:2759–2779
Chusid MJ, Dale DC, West BC, et al. The hypereosinophilic syndrome: analysis of fourteen cases with review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 1975; 54:1–27
Zhuang Q, Zheng ZY, Mao W, et al. Right ventricular apical obstruction in a patient with hypereosinophilia: Löffler endocarditis. Heart Lung. 2015; 44:165–169
van Kessel DJ, Jerzewski A, Kardux JJ, et al. Loeffler’s endocarditis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015; 16:343
Parrillo JE, Borer JS, Henry WL, et al. The cardiovascular manifestations of the hypereosinophilic syndrome. Prospective study of 26 patients, with review of the literature. Am J Med. 1979; 67:572–582
Chew CY, Ziady GM, Raphael MJ, et al. Primary restrictive cardiomyopathy. Non-tropical endomyocardial fibrosis and hypereosinophilic heart disease. Br Heart J. 1977; 39:399–413
Kleinfeldt T, Ince H, Nienaber CA. Hypereosinophilic syndrome: a rare case of Loeffler’s endocarditis documented in cardiac MRI. Int J Cardiol. 2011; 149:e30–e32
Subhash HS, Asishkumar M, Jonathan M. Unusual cardiac manifestation of hypereosinophilic syndrome. Postgrad Med J. 2002; 78:490–491
Kurokawa K, Sai E, Hayashi E, et al. Usefulness of cardiac magnetic resonance in the diagnosis of Löffler endocarditis secondary to eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Intern Med. 2019; 58:239–242
Ommen SR, Seward JB, Tajik AJ. Clinical and echocardiographic features of hypereosinophilic syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 2000; 86:110–113
Vaklavas C, Tefferi A, Butterfield J, et al. “Idiopathic” eosinophilia with an Occult T-cell clone: prevalence and clinical course. Leuk Res. 2007; 31:691–694
Shah R, Ananthasubramaniam K. Evaluation of cardiac involvement in hypereosinophilic syndrome: complementary roles of transthoracic, transesophageal, and contrast echocardiography. Echocardiography. 2006; 23:689–691
Raza S. A curious case of Loeffler endocarditis. JACC. 2018; 71:11
Syed IS, Martinez MW, Feng DL, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of eosinophilic endomyocardial disease. Int J Cardiol. 2008; 126:e50–e52
Plastiras SC, Economopoulos N, Kelekis NL, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart in a patient with hypereosinophilic syndrome. Am J Med. 2006; 119:130–132
Puvaneswary M, Joshua F, Ratnarajah S. Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome: magnetic resonance imaging findings in endomyocardial fibrosis. Australas Radiol. 2001; 45:524–527
Wagner A, Mahrholdt H, Holly TA, et al. Contrast-enhanced MRI and routine single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) perfusion imaging for detection of subendocardial myocardial infarcts: an imaging study. Lancet. 2003; 361:374–379
Klion AD, Bochner BS, Gleich GJ, et al.; The Hypereosinophilic Syndromes Working Group. Approaches to the treatment of hypereosinophilic syndromes: a workshop summary report. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006; 117:1292–1302
Simon HU, Cools J. Novel approaches to therapy of hypereosinophilic syndromes. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2007; 27:519–527
Khoury P, Abiodun AO, Holland-Thomas N, et al. Hypereosinophilic syndrome subtype predicts responsiveness to glucocorticoids. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018; 6:190–195
Helbig G, Hus M, Francuz T, et al. Characteristics and clinical outcome of patients with hypereosinophilia of undetermined significance. Med Oncol. 2014; 31:815
Dulohery MM, Patel RR, Schneider F, et al. Lung involvement in hypereosinophilic syndromes. Respir Med. 2011; 105:114–121
Gotlib J. World Health Organization-defined eosinophilic disorders: 2014 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2014; 89:325–337
Klion AD, Noel P, Akin C, et al. Elevated serum tryptase levels identify a subset of patients with a myeloproliferative variant of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with tissue fibrosis, poor prognosis, and imatinib responsiveness. Blood. 2003; 101:4660–4666
Wright PJ, Stelmasiak T, Anderson GA. Suppressed release of LH in ovariectomized post-partum ewes. J Reprod Fertil. 1983; 67:197–202
Akuthota P, Weller PF. Spectrum of eosinophilic end-organ manifestations. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2015; 35:403–411
Klion AD, Robyn J, Akin C, et al. Molecular remission and reversal of myelofibrosis in response to imatinib mesylate treatment in patients with the myeloproliferative variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome. Blood. 2004; 103:473–478
Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, et al.; American College of Cardiology; American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; American College of Chest Physicians; International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation; Heart Rhythm Society. ACC/AHA 2005 guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2005; 112:e154–e235
Ramrakha P, Hill J. Ramrakha PS. Chapter 14. Cardiovascular disease in less-developed countries. In: Oxford Handbook of Cardiology. 2012, 2nd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University; 668–669
Korczyk D, Taylor G, McAlistair H, et al. Heart transplantation in a patient with endomyocardial fibrosis due to hypereosinophilic syndrome. Transplantation. 2007; 83:514–516
Roufosse F, Schandené L, Sibille C, et al. Clonal Th2 lymphocytes in patients with the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Br J Haematol. 2000; 109:540–548
Cogan E, Schandené L, Crusiaux A, et al. Brief report: clonal proliferation of type 2 helper T cells in a man with the hypereosinophilic syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1994; 330:535–538
Kitano K, Ichikawa N, Mahbub B, et al. Eosinophilia associated with proliferation of CD(3+)4-(8-) alpha beta+ T cells with chromosome 16 anomalies. Br J Haematol. 1996; 92:315–317
de Lavareille A, Roufosse F, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, et al. High serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine levels in the lymphocytic variant of the hypereosinophilic syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002; 110:476–479