Poor infection prevention and control standards are associated with environmental contamination with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales and other multidrug-resistant bacteria in Swiss companion animal clinics.
Animal Technicians
Animals
Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae
/ isolation & purification
Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
Equipment Contamination
Equipment and Supplies
/ microbiology
Feces
/ microbiology
Hospitals, Animal
Humans
Infection Control
/ standards
Nose
/ microbiology
Pets
/ microbiology
Prospective Studies
Switzerland
Veterinarians
Antimicrobial resistant pathogens
Colonization
Enterobacteriaceae
Infection prevention and control
Multidrug-resistant pathogens
Small animal clinic
Zoonosis
Journal
Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
ISSN: 2047-2994
Titre abrégé: Antimicrob Resist Infect Control
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101585411
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
23 06 2020
23 06 2020
Historique:
received:
15
01
2020
accepted:
29
05
2020
entrez:
25
6
2020
pubmed:
25
6
2020
medline:
2
4
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Intensive medical care in companion animal clinics could pose a risk for the selection and dissemination of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Infection prevention and control (IPC) concepts are key measures to reduce the spread of MDROs, but data on IPC standards in companion animal clinics is sparse. The study assessed IPC standards in seven companion animal clinics and practices in Switzerland by structured IPC audits and combined results with environmental MDRO contamination and MDRO carriage of the personnel. IPC audits were held between August 2018 and January 2019. The observations in 34 IPC areas were scored based on predefined criteria (not fulfilled/partially fulfilled/fulfilled = score 0/1/2). Environmental swabs and nasal and stool samples from veterinary personnel were tested for methicillin-resistant (MR) staphylococci and macrococci and for colistin-resistant, extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing (CP) Enterobacterales (CPE). Species was identified by MALDI-TOF MS, antimicrobial resistance determined by microdilution and β-lactam resistance gene detection, and genetic relatedness assessed by REP-/ERIC-PCR and multilocus sequence typing. Of a maximum total IPC score of 68, the institutions reached a median (range) score of 33 (19-55). MDROs were detected in median (range) 8.2% (0-33.3%) of the sampling sites. Clinics with low IPC standards showed extensive environmental contamination, i.e. of intensive care units, consultation rooms and utensils. CPE were detected in two clinics; one of them showed extensive contamination with CP Klebsiella pneumoniae (ST11, bla The study indicates that IPC standards in companion animal clinics are variable and that insufficient IPC standards could contribute to the evolution of MDROs which can be transferred between the environment and working personnel. The implementation of IPC concepts in companion animal clinics should urgently be promoted.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Intensive medical care in companion animal clinics could pose a risk for the selection and dissemination of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Infection prevention and control (IPC) concepts are key measures to reduce the spread of MDROs, but data on IPC standards in companion animal clinics is sparse. The study assessed IPC standards in seven companion animal clinics and practices in Switzerland by structured IPC audits and combined results with environmental MDRO contamination and MDRO carriage of the personnel.
METHODS
IPC audits were held between August 2018 and January 2019. The observations in 34 IPC areas were scored based on predefined criteria (not fulfilled/partially fulfilled/fulfilled = score 0/1/2). Environmental swabs and nasal and stool samples from veterinary personnel were tested for methicillin-resistant (MR) staphylococci and macrococci and for colistin-resistant, extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing (CP) Enterobacterales (CPE). Species was identified by MALDI-TOF MS, antimicrobial resistance determined by microdilution and β-lactam resistance gene detection, and genetic relatedness assessed by REP-/ERIC-PCR and multilocus sequence typing.
RESULTS
Of a maximum total IPC score of 68, the institutions reached a median (range) score of 33 (19-55). MDROs were detected in median (range) 8.2% (0-33.3%) of the sampling sites. Clinics with low IPC standards showed extensive environmental contamination, i.e. of intensive care units, consultation rooms and utensils. CPE were detected in two clinics; one of them showed extensive contamination with CP Klebsiella pneumoniae (ST11, bla
CONCLUSIONS
The study indicates that IPC standards in companion animal clinics are variable and that insufficient IPC standards could contribute to the evolution of MDROs which can be transferred between the environment and working personnel. The implementation of IPC concepts in companion animal clinics should urgently be promoted.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32576281
doi: 10.1186/s13756-020-00742-5
pii: 10.1186/s13756-020-00742-5
pmc: PMC7310346
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
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