Simulations using telehealth to collaborate with other health-care professionals: effect on pre-licensure nursing students' competencies and amount of collaboration in the clinical setting.

Nursing students must gain experience collaborating with other members of the health-care team. Simulation can provide intra- and interprofessional collaboration experience; however, there can be barriers such as scheduling difficulties. We evaluated multi-patient, standardized patient simulations using telehealth as a strategy to provide baccalaureate nursing students with opportunities to learn and practice intra- and interprofessional collaboration. Forty-four final-semester nursing students participated. Student groups rotated to the simulation laboratory over 12 weeks to participate in two simulations that used telehealth to enable them to communicate patient concerns to other clinicians: a nurse practitioner, respiratory therapists, and social workers. Self-reported collaborative competencies and amount of collaboration in the clinical setting were measured at the start and end of the semester. Satisfaction and self-confidence were measured immediately after each simulation. For collaborative competencies, there was a statistically significant improvement in all item, subscale, and overall scale mean scores. Amount of clinical collaboration significantly improved, with the amount who indicated they never reported a patient concern to another professional decreasing from 39.5% to 6.8%. Findings also revealed a high level of student satisfaction and self-confidence following the simulations. Using telehealth to collaborate during simulations is a promising strategy to prepare nursing students for practice by improving collaborative competencies and encouraging more collaboration in the clinical setting.