Multiple sclerosis among first- and second-generation immigrant groups in Sweden.
gender
immigrants
multiple sclerosis
neighborhood
socioeconomic status
Journal
Acta neurologica Scandinavica
ISSN: 1600-0404
Titre abrégé: Acta Neurol Scand
Pays: Denmark
ID NLM: 0370336
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Oct 2020
Oct 2020
Historique:
received:
09
12
2019
revised:
08
06
2020
accepted:
03
07
2020
pubmed:
11
7
2020
medline:
9
2
2021
entrez:
11
7
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) is low among first-generation immigrants in Sweden. We aimed to study incident MS in first- and second-generation immigrant groups. We included adults aged 18 years and older in Sweden in first-generation (n = 6 042 891) and second-generation (n = 4 860 469) sub-studies. MS was defined via two diagnoses in the Swedish National Patient Register. MS risk was estimated by Cox regression, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), in different immigrant groups, using Swedish-born as referents in first-generation sub-study, and individuals with Swedish-born parents in the second-generation. Full models were adjusted for age, geographic residence in Sweden, educational level, marital status, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and co-morbidity. MS was diagnosed among 10 746 individuals in the first-generation sub-study, (men 3055 and women 7691), and 11 737 in the second-generation sub-study (men 3549 and women 8188) in the period 1998-2015. The annual incidence rate was higher in Swedish-born compared to foreign-born, 11.5 vs 6.3 per 100 000 person-years (age-standardized to the European standard population). Fully adjusted HRs were lower in first-generation immigrant men (HR 0.72, 0.64-0.82) and women (HR 0.67, 0.62-0.73), and in second-generation immigrant men (HR 0.88, 0.79-0.97) and women (HR 0.79; 0.73-0.84). Among first-generation immigrants, lower HRs were found in most groups. The MS risk was lower in first- and second-generation immigrants compared to Swedish-born or individuals with Swedish-born parents.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
339-349Subventions
Organisme : Vetenskapsrådet
ID : 2014-02517
Organisme : Swedish Research Council
Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Références
Risco J, Maldonado H, Luna L, et al. Latitudinal prevalence gradient of multiple sclerosis in Latin America. Mult Scler. 2011;17(9):1055-1059.
Taylor BV, Pearson JF, Clarke G, et al. MS prevalence in New Zealand, an ethnically and latitudinally diverse country. Mult Scler. 2010;16(12):1422-1431.
Koch-Henriksen N, Sorensen PS. Why does the north-south gradient of incidence of multiple sclerosis seem to have disappeared on the northern hemisphere? J Neurol Sci. 2011;311(1-2):58-63.
Koch-Henriksen N, Sorensen PS. The changing demographic pattern of multiple sclerosis epidemiology. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9(5):520-532.
Rosati G. The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the world: an update. Neurol Sci. 2001;22(2):117-139.
Ahlgren C, Oden A, Lycke J. High nationwide prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Sweden. Mult Scler. 2011;17(8):901-908.
Svenningsson A, Runmarker B, Lycke J, Andersen O. Incidence of MS during two fifteen-year periods in the Gothenburg region of Sweden. Acta Neurol Scand. 1990;82(3):161-168.
Sundstrom P, Nystrom L, Forsgren L. Incidence (1988-97) and prevalence (1997) of multiple sclerosis in Vasterbotten County in northern Sweden. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003;74(1):29-32.
Bostrom I, Callander M, Kurtzke JF, Landtblom AM. High prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the Swedish county of Varmland. Mult Scler. 2009;15(11):1253-1262.
Alla S, Pearson J, Debernard L, Miller D, Mason D. The increasing prevalence of multiple sclerosis in New Zealand. Neuroepidemiology. 2014;42(3):154-160.
Ahlgren C, Oden A, Lycke J. A nationwide survey of the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in immigrant populations of Sweden. Mult Scler. 2012;18(8):1099-1107.
Ahlgren C, Lycke J, Oden A, Andersen O. High risk of MS in Iranian immigrants in Gothenburg, Sweden. Mult Scler. 2010;16(9):1079-1082.
Munk Nielsen N, Corn G, Frisch M, et al. Multiple sclerosis among first- and second-generation immigrants in Denmark: a population-based cohort study. Brain. 2019;142(6):1587-1597.
Berg-Hansen P, Moen SM, Sandvik L, et al. Prevalence of multiple sclerosis among immigrants in Norway. Mult Scler. 2015;21(6):695-702.
Wandell P, Carlsson AC, Li X, Gasevic D, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. The association between sociodemographic characteristics and dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01449-3. [Epub ahead of print].
Kahana E, Zilber N, Abramson JH, Biton V, Leibowitz Y, Abramsky O. Multiple sclerosis: genetic versus environmental aetiology: epidemiology in Israel updated. J Neurol. 1994;241(5):341-346.
Nasr Z, Majed M, Rostami A, et al. Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Iranian emigrants: review of the evidence. Neurol Sci. 2016;37(11):1759-1763.
Rotstein DL, Marrie RA, Maxwell C, et al. MS risk in immigrants in the McDonald era: a population-based study in Ontario, Canada. Neurology. 2019;93(24):e2203-e2215.
Langer-Gould A, Brara SM, Beaber BE, Zhang JL. Incidence of multiple sclerosis in multiple racial and ethnic groups. Neurology. 2013;80(19):1734-1739.
Hedstrom AK, Olsson T, Kockum I, Hillert J, Alfredsson L. Low sun exposure increases multiple sclerosis risk both directly and indirectly. J Neurol. 2019.
Pierrot-Deseilligny C, Souberbielle JC. Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis: an update. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2017;14:35-45.
Wandell PE. Population groups in dietary transition. Food Nutr Res. 2013;57:21668.
Lips P. Worldwide status of vitamin D nutrition. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010;121(1-2):297-300.
Berg-Hansen P, Celius EG. Socio-economic factors and immigrant population studies of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand. 2015;132(199):37-41.
International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics C. Multiple sclerosis genomic map implicates peripheral immune cells and microglia in susceptibility. Science. 2019;365(6460):eaav7188.
Ludvigsson JF, Almqvist C, Bonamy A-K, et al. Registers of the Swedish total population and their use in medical research. Eur J Epidemiol. 2016;31(2):125-136.
Ludvigsson JF, Andersson E, Ekbom A, et al. External review and validation of the Swedish national inpatient register. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:450.