Avoiding high-risk rotator cuff loading: Muscle force during three pull-up techniques.
Adult
Arm
/ physiology
Biomechanical Phenomena
Computer Simulation
Electromyography
Humans
Kinetics
Male
Muscle Strength
Muscle, Skeletal
/ physiology
Resistance Training
/ adverse effects
Risk Factors
Rotator Cuff
/ physiology
Rotator Cuff Injuries
/ physiopathology
Scapula
/ physiology
Shoulder
/ physiology
Torso
/ physiology
Upper Extremity
/ physiology
Young Adult
athletic training
biomechanics
motion analysis
musculoskeletal modeling
rehabilitation
shoulder
Journal
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
ISSN: 1600-0838
Titre abrégé: Scand J Med Sci Sports
Pays: Denmark
ID NLM: 9111504
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2020
Nov 2020
Historique:
received:
14
05
2020
revised:
10
07
2020
accepted:
14
07
2020
pubmed:
28
7
2020
medline:
14
4
2021
entrez:
28
7
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Heavily loaded overhead training tasks, such as pull-ups are an effective strength training and rehabilitation exercise requiring high muscle forces maintained over a large range of motion. This study used experiments and computational modeling to examine loading patterns during three different pull-up variants and highlighted risks to vulnerable musculoskeletal structures. Optical motion tracking and a force platform captured kinematics and kinetics of 11 male subjects with no history of shoulder pathology, during performance of three pull-up variants-pronated front grip, pronated wide grip, and supinated reverse grip. UK National Shoulder model (UKNSM) simulated biomechanics of the shoulder girdle. Muscle forces and activation patterns were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc comparisons. Motor group recruitment was similar across all pull-up techniques, with upper limb depression occurring secondary to torso elevation. Stress-time profiles show significant differences in individual muscle patterns among the three pull-up variants, with the most marked differences between wide grip and reverse grip. Comparing across techniques, latissimus dorsi was relatively more active in wide pull-ups (P < .01); front pull-ups favored activation of biceps brachii and brachialis (P < .02); reverse pull-ups displayed higher proportional rotator cuff activation (P < .01). Pull-ups promote stability of the shoulder girdle and activation of scapula stabilizers and performing pull-ups over their full range of motion is important as different techniques and phases emphasize different muscles. Shoulder rehabilitation and strength & conditioning programs should encourage incorporation of all three pull-up variants with systematic progression to provide greater global strengthening of the torso and upper limb musculature.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2205-2214Subventions
Organisme : Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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